TABLE 5.
Univariable and Multivariable Cox Regression Analysis of Variables Associated With RANO-defined and Radiological Progression
| RANO | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
| Risk factor | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value |
| Age | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | .454 | — | — | — |
| Ethnicity (White—Others) | 10.88 | 1.45–81.59 | .020 | 1.05 | 0.78–1.41 | .761 |
| Female sex | 0.86 | 0.54–1.37 | .521 | — | — | — |
| Pregnancy/HRT | 0.82 | 0.11–5.68 | .815 | — | — | — |
| Presentation with symptoms | 1.30 | 0.77–2.20 | .322 | — | — | — |
| T2 hyperintensity | 0.72 | 0.47–1.10 | .129 | — | — | — |
| Any edema | 0.98 | 0.63–1.52 | .910 | — | — | — |
| Edema (cm3) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | .630 | — | — | — |
| Bone invasion | 0.80 | 0.51–1.25 | .324 | — | — | — |
| Hyperostosis | 0.80 | 0.51–1.27 | .348 | — | — | — |
| Any calcification | 1.52 | 1.01–2.31 | .047 | 1.44 | 0.95–2.17 | .086 |
| Sinus invasion | 0.75 | 0.50–1.13 | .167 | — | — | — |
| Compressing a critical neurovascular structure | 0.90 | 0.59–1.37 | .628 | — | — | — |
| Skull base location | 1.61 | 1.08–2.41 | .020 | 1.60 | 1.02–2.50 | .042 |
| Preoperative tumor volume | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | .648 | — | — | — |
| WHO grade (2) | 0.97 | 0.54–1.73 | .965 | — | — | — |
| Ki-67 | 3.33 | 1.28–8.67 | .014 | 3.43 | 1.19–9.90 | .023 |
| Residual tumor volume | 1.00 | 0.98–1.02 | .981 | — | — | — |
| Percentage of original tumor remaining | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | .479 | — | — | — |
| Adjuvant FRT | 1.36 | 0.76–2.44 | .299 | — | — | — |
| Radiological—tumor board | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | ||||||
| Risk factor | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age | 1.00 | 0.98–1.02 | .936 | — | — | - | |
| Ethnicity (White–Others) | 7.32 | 0.99–54.07 | .051 | 7.52 | 1.01–55.79 | .051 | |
| Female sex | 0.95 | 0.57–1.59 | .840 | — | — | — | |
| Pregnancy/HRT | 0.48 | 0.01–96.71 | .435 | — | — | — | |
| Presentation with symptoms | 3.68 | 1.16–11.70 | .028 | 3.39 | 1.06–10.81 | .040 | |
| T2 hyperintensity | 1.23 | 0.72–2.10 | .446 | — | — | — | |
| Any edema | 1.16 | 0.69–1.93 | .581 | — | — | — | |
| Edema (cm3) | 1.00 | 1.00–1.01 | .701 | — | — | — | |
| Bone invasion | 1.02 | 0.62–1.66 | .951 | — | — | — | |
| Hyperostosis | 1.12 | 0.67–1.87 | .663 | — | — | — | |
| Any calcification | 0.67 | 0.39–1.14 | .138 | — | — | — | |
| Sinus invasion | 0.83 | 0.52–1.32 | .419 | — | — | — | |
| Compressing a critical neurovascular structure | 0.96 | 0.60–1.54 | .860 | — | — | — | |
| Skull base location | 1.15 | 0.73–1.83 | .549 | — | — | — | |
| Preoperative tumor volume | 1.00 | 1.00–1.01 | .590 | — | — | — | |
| WHO grade (2) | 2.07 | 1.21–3.51 | .008 | 1.89 | 1.10–3.23 | .021 | |
| Ki-67 | 3.31 | 1.22–8.99 | .019 | 3.41 | 1.06–11.01 | .040 | |
| Residual tumor volume | 0.99 | 0.96–1.01 | .377 | — | — | — | |
| Percentage of original tumor remaining | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | .940 | — | — | — | |
| Adjuvant FRT | 1.10 | 0.58–2.09 | .767 | — | — | — | |
HRT, hormone replacement therapy; RANO, Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology.
Bold indicates P<0.05.