Table 3.

Multilevel, mixed-effects tobit regression models of household water insecurity scores using three measures of household water expenditures and controlling for selected household characteristics (n = 3655).

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	β	SE	β	SE	β	SE
Fixed effects
Water expenditures measure
Absolute USD Z-score	0.88***	0.18	–	–	–	–
% income	–	–	0.13***	0.02	–	–
% income Z-score	–	–	–	–	1.70***	0.18
Household characteristic
Age	−0.02	0.01	−0.02*	0.01	−0.02*	0.01
Gender	0.54	0.27	0.44	0.27	0.43	0.27
Number of children	0.29***	0.07	0.27***	0.07	0.28***	0.07
Amount of stored drinking water (in 100 s liters)	−0.00	0.00	−0.00	0.00	−0.00	0.00
Total water storage (in 100 s liters)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Primary water source is purchased/vended	−0.13	0.38	0.03	0.37	−0.06	0.37
Rural context	2.45**	0.71	2.16**	0.71	2.09**	0.71
Random effects
Cluster	15.25	4.17	14.95	4.09	14.54	4.00
Site	29.68	12.44	26.74	11.49	30.23	12.42
Model diagnostics (log likelihood)	−9675.06		−9653.53		−9645.80

Note:

^*= P < 0.05.

^**= P < 0.01.

^***= P < 0.001.