Table 4.
Relationship between physical fitness parameters and anthropometric status based on muscle-fat-ratio and handgrip strength-to-BMI
| Boys | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle-fat-ratio | Grip strength-to-BMI | ||||||||
| 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 5–10 | −0.036 (p = 0.808) | −0.078 (p = 0.210) | 0.046 (p = 0.560) | −0.046 (p = 0.548) | 0.781 (p < 0.001) | 0.713 (p < 0.001) | 0.800 (p < 0.001) | 0.838 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | −0.065 (p = 0.386) | −0.066 (p = 0.204) | −0.002 (p = 0.977) | 0.142 (p = 0.056) | 0.772 (p < 0.001) | 0.786 (p < 0.001) | 0.813 (p < 0.001) | 0.767 (p < 0.001) | |
| Handgrip strength (pc) | 5–10 | −0.180 (p = 0.227) | −0.040 (p = 0.522) | −0.005 (p = 0.951) | −0.080 (p = 0.301) | 0.659 (p < 0.001) | 0.683 (p < 0.001) | 0.667 (p < 0.001) | 0.665 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | −0.085 (p = 0.255) | −0.065 (p = 0.207) | 0.016 (p = 0.834) | 0.130 (p = 0.079) | 0.658 (p < 0.001) | 0.711 (p < 0.001) | 0.714 (p < 0.001) | 0.670 (p < 0.001) | |
| VO2max (ml/kg/min) | 5–10 | 0.575 (p < 0.001) | 0.518 (p < 0.001) | 0.569 (p < 0.001) | 0.438 (p < 0.001) | 0.419 (p = 0.004) | 0.442 (p < 0.001) | 0.303 (p < 0.001) | 0.280 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | 0.571 (p < 0.001) | 0.477 (p < 0.001) | 0.517 (p < 0.001) | 0.502 (p < 0.001) | 0.503 (p < 0.001) | 0.439 (p < 0.001) | 0.419 (p < 0.001) | 0.419 (p < 0.001) | |
|
20-mSRT (pc) |
5–10 | 0.563 (p < 0.001) | 0.509 (p < 0.001) | 0.532 (p < 0.001) | 0.485 (p < 0.001) | 0.291 (p = 0.053) | 0.436 (p < 0.001) | 0.330 (p < 0.001) | 0.271 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | 0.516 (p < 0.001) | 0.430 (p < 0.001) | 0.533 (p < 0.001) | 0.502 (p < 0.001) | 0.440 (p < 0.001) | 0.415 (p < 0.001) | 0.403 (p < 0.001) | 0.393 (p < 0.001) | |
|
Vertical jump (cm) |
5–10 | No data available | 0.486 (p < 0.001) | 0.553 (p < 0.001) | 0.333 (p < 0.001) | No data available | 0.487 (p < 0.001) | 0.376 (p < 0.001) | 0.347 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | 0.524 (p < 0.001) | 0.448 (p < 0.001) | 0.487 (p < 0.001) | 0.448 (p < 0.001) | 0.452 (p < 0.001) | 0.528 (p < 0.001) | |||
|
Vertical jump (pc) |
5–10 | 0.479 (p < 0.001) | 0.531 (p < 0.001) | 0.319 (p < 0.001) | 0.440 (p < 0.001) | 0.329 (p < 0.001) | 0.316 (p < 0.001) | ||
| 10–18 | 0.458 (p < 0.001) | 0.371 (p < 0.001) | 0.411 (p < 0.001) | 0.407 (p < 0.001) | 0.359 (p < 0.001) | 0.427 (p < 0.001) | |||
| Girls | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle-fat-ratio | Grip strength-to-BMI | ||||||||
| 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 5–10 | 0.437 (p = 0.118) | −0.061 (p = 0.481) | 0.200 (p = 0.068) | −0.149 (p = 0.103) | 0.860 (p < 0.001) | 0.736 (p < 0.001) | 0.841 (p < 0.001) | 0.726 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | −0.002 (p = 0.987) | −0.283 (p = 0.002) | −0.171 (p = 0.153) | −0.231 (p = 0.020) | 0.712 (p < 0.001) | 0.560 (p < 0.001 | 0.698 (p < 0.001) | 0.670 (p < 0.001) | |
| Handgrip strength (pc) | 5–10 | 0.655 (p = 0.011) | −0.075 (p = 0.383) | −0.010 (p = 0.930) | −0.138 (p = 0.131) | 0.756 (p = 0.002) | 0.666 (p < 0.001) | 0.664 (p < 0.001) | 0.555 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | −0.043 (p = 0.772) | −0.248 (p = 0.007) | −0.116 (p = 0.337) | −0.235 (p = 0.018) | 0.574 (p < 0.001) | 0.510 (p < 0.001) | 0.608 (p < 0.001) | 0.534 (p < 0.001) | |
| VO2max (ml/kg/min) | 5–10 | 0.045 (p = 0.879) | 0.235 (p = 0.006) | 0.488 (p < 0.001) | 0.286 (p = 0.001) | −0.206 (p = 0.479) | 0.142 (p = 0.155) | 0.520 (p < 0.001) | 0.374 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | 0.599 (p < 0.001) | 0.430 (p < 0.001) | 0.444 (p < 0.001) | 0.449 (p < 0.001) | 0.583 (p < 0.001) | 0.281 (p = 0.013) | 0.178 (p = 0.143) | 0.415 (p < 0.001) | |
|
20-mSRT (pc) |
5–10 | 0.269 (p = 0.352) | 0.215 (p = 0.012) | 0.401 (p < 0.001) | 0.234 (p = 0.010) | −0.004 (p = 0.990) | 0.181 (p = 0.071) | 0.443 (p < 0.001) | 0.296 (p = 0.001) |
| 10–18 | 0.622 (p < 0.001) | 0.387 (p < 0.001) | 0.461 (p < 0.001) | 0.418 (p < 0.001) | 0.452 (p < 0.001) | 0.218 (p = 0.013) | 0.136 (p = 0.265) | 0.372 (p < 0.001) | |
|
Vertical jump (cm) |
5–10 | No data available | 0.393 (p < 0.001) | 0.439 (p < 0.001) | 0.292 (p = 0.001) | No data available | 0.514 (p < 0.001) | 0.500 (p < 0.001) | 0.411 (p < 0.001) |
| 10–18 | 0.598 (p < 0.001) | 0.349 (p < 0.001) | 0.501 (p < 0.001) | 0.455 (p < 0.001) | 0.316 (p = 0.083) | 0.482 (p < 0.001) | |||
|
Vertical jump (pc) |
5–10 | 0.388 (p < 0.001) | 0.437 (p < 0.001) | 0.268 (p = 0.003) | 0.429 (p < 0.001) | 0.446 (p < 0.001) | 0.308 (p = 0.001) | ||
| 10–18 | 0.645 (p < 0.001) | 0.326 (p < 0.001) | 0.434 (p < 0.001) | 0.428 (p < 0.001) | 0.223 (p = 0.066) | 0.340 (p = 0.001) | |||
Values marked in bold are significant. A Pearson product moment correlation was used as statistical analysis
kg kilogrammes, cm centimetres, pc percentile, 20-mSRT 20-m Shuttle-Run Test, VO2max maximal oxygen uptake