Table 3.
Factors associated with overall survival in 110 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
| Character | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis 1 | Multivariable analysis 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age (year) | 0.994 (0.975-1.013) | .502 | |||||
| Sex | M vs F | 1.426 (0.682-2.984) | .346 | ||||
| Alcohol | Yes vs no | 1.155 (0.692-1.927) | .581 | ||||
| HBV | Yes vs no | 0.979 (0.602-1.593) | .932 | ||||
| HCV | Yes vs no | 1.089 (0.621-1.911) | .765 | ||||
| DM | Yes vs no | 0.997 (0.586-1.696) | .991 | ||||
| Grade 1-2 TRAEs | Yes vs no | 0.636 (0.390-1.038) | .070 | ||||
| Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs | Yes vs no | 1.196 (0.681-2.102) | .533 | ||||
| TTV (cm3) | > 1000 vs ≤ 1000 | 2.342 (1.441-3.805) | .001 | 1.987 (1.074-3.674) | .029 | ||
| MVI | Yes vs no | 3.413 (1.968-5.917) | < .001 | 2.798 (1.427-5.488) | .003 | 3.529 (1.714-7.269) | .001 |
| EHM | Yes vs no | 1.529 (0.936-2.498) | .090 | 2.013 (1.158-3.500) | .013 | 2.366 (1.325-4.227) | .004 |
| AST (U/L) | > 40 vs ≤ 40 | 2.397 (1.380-4.164) | .002 | ||||
| ALT (U/L) | > 40 vs ≤ 40 | 1.717 (1.059-2.784) | .028 | ||||
| NLR | > 3.0 vs ≤ 3.0 | 2.757 (1.439-5.284) | .002 | ||||
| Child-Pugh class | B vs A | 2.697 (1.647-4.419) | < .001 | ||||
| ALBI grade | 2/3 vs 1 | 2.090 (1.173-3.725) | .012 | ||||
| AFP decline > 15% | Yes vs no | 0.535 (0.327-0.874) | .013 | Not assessed | |||
| CRAFITY score | 2 vs 0/1 | 2.692 (1.637-4.429) | < .001 | 2.497 (1.368-4.559) | .003 | Not assessed | |
| Combined CRAFITY score and AFP responsea | Group 1 | Referent | Not assessed | Referent | |||
| Group 2 | 2.509 (1.296-4.860) | .006 | Not assessed | 4.513 (1.990-10.234) | < .001 | ||
| Group 3 | 4.428 (2.212-8.866) | < .001 | Not assessed | 3.551 (1.544-8.168) | .003 | ||
| Combination therapyb | Yes vs no | 0.483 (0.271-0.862) | .014 | 0.382 (0.177-0.825) | .014 | 0.306 (0.141-0.667) | .003 |
| Best response | CR + PR + SD vs none | 0.191 (0.109-0.335) | < .001 | 0.288 (0.148-0.560) | < .001 | 0.251 (0.127-0.498) | < .001 |
Group 1: patients with a CRAFITY score = 0 or 1 and AFP response; Group 3: patients with a CRAFITY score = 2 and no AFP response group 3; Group 2: patients who did not belong to Group 1 or 3.
Combination therapy included a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and liver radiotherapy.
AFP, α-fetoprotein; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CR + PR + SD, complete response plus partial response plus stable disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; EHM, extrahepatic metastasis; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HR, hazard ratio; M vs F, male versus female; MVI, macroscopic vascular invasion; NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; TRAEs, treatment-related adverse events; TTV, total tumor volume.