Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants according to adherence to the overall provegetarian FP: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort: 1999–2019
| Overall provegetarian FP | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | G2 | G3 | P value | |||||||
| % | Mean | sd | % | Mean | sd | % | Mean | sd | ||
| Range | 12–35 | 36–39 | 40–57 | |||||||
| n | 7032 | 5452 | 5341 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Age | 36·2 | 11·7 | 37·8 | 12·0 | 40·0 | 12·9 | < 0·001 | |||
| Women (%) | 57·3 | 61·4 | 61·5 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23·6 | 3·5 | 23·5 | 3·5 | 23·4 | 3·5 | 0·019 | |||
| Physical activity (MET-h/week) | 20·1 | 21·7 | 21·1 | 21·7 | 23·2 | 23·3 | < 0·001 | |||
| Sitting time (h/d) | 5·4 | 2·1 | 5·3 | 2·1 | 5·2 | 2·0 | < 0·001 | |||
| Sedentary activities (h/d) | 1·6 | 1·2 | 1·6 | 1·2 | 1·6 | 1·1 | 0·041 | |||
| Smoke (%) | < 0·001 | |||||||||
| Never | 48·4 | 47·9 | 47·5 | |||||||
| Former smokers | 25·7 | 28·3 | 30·2 | |||||||
| Active smokers < 15 cigarettes/d | 12·3 | 12·7 | 12·1 | |||||||
| Active smokers ≥ 15 cigarettes/d | 11·0 | 8·8 | 7·4 | |||||||
| Prevalent hypertension (%) | 10·2 | 10·0 | 12·4 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Prevalent CVD (%) | 1·3 | 1·3 | 2·1 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Prevalent diabetes (%) | 1·5 | 1·7 | 2·1 | 0·039 | ||||||
| Prevalent dyslipidaemia (%) | 6·1 | 6·8 | 7·7 | 0·002 | ||||||
| Prevalent cancer (%) | 1·9 | 2·7 | 2·8 | 0·002 | ||||||
| Prevalent hypercholesterolaemia (%) | 14·3 | 17·7 | 19·5 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Family history of obesity (%) | 19·2 | 20·0 | 21·6 | 0·005 | ||||||
| Family history of CVD (%) | 12·9 | 13·7 | 14·4 | 0·044 | ||||||
| Marital status (%) | < 0·000 | |||||||||
| Single | 48·6 | 44·6 | 41·9 | |||||||
| Married | 46·7 | 49·8 | 51·9 | |||||||
| Other | 4·7 | 5·6 | 6·2 | |||||||
| Supplements consumption (%) | 14·6 | 17·2 | 17·5 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Weight gain of ≥ 3 kg in the last 5 years (%) | 32·8 | 30·2 | 26·9 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Follow-up of special diet (%) | 7·2 | 7·2 | 8·6 | 0·007 | ||||||
| Snacking between meals (%) | 35·6 | 33·0 | 31·2 | < 0·001 | ||||||
| Trichopoulou MedDiet score (range, 0–9) | 3·2 | 1·5 | 4·3 | 1·5 | 5·5 | 1·5 | < 0·001 | |||
| Carbohydrate Quality Index (range, 4–20) | 10·0 | 2·8 | 11·4 | 3·0 | 12·8 | 3·0 | < 0·001 | |||
| Fat Quality Index (range, 0·62–5·92) | 1·5 | 0·3 | 1·7 | 0·4 | 2·0 | 0·5 | < 0·001 | |||
MET, metabolic equivalents: FP, food pattern; G, groups.
Mean ± (sd) or %.