Table 4.
Energy and nutrient intakes according to extreme groups of adherence to the overall, healthful and unhealthful provegetarian FP (Mean and sd)
| Overall provegetarian FP | Healthful provegetarian FP | Unhealthful provegetarian FP | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | G3 | G1 | G3 | G1 | G3 | |||||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | |
| Range | 12–35 | 40–57 | 30–52 | 59–82 | 31–55 | 61–83 | ||||||
| n | 7032 | 5341 | 6295 | 5860 | 6745 | 5770 | ||||||
| Energy (kJ/d) | 8983 | 2473·2 | 10 276 | 2353·1* | 10 657 | 2350·2 | 8586 | 2312·5* | 10 255 | 2341·8 | 8878 | 2492·0 |
| Carbohydrates intake (% of total energy [E]) | 40·3 | 7·0 | 46·1 | 6·7* | 42·8 | 6·4 | 43·5 | 7·9* | 41·4 | 6·9 | 45·0 | 7·4 |
| Fibre (g/d) | 20·7 | 7·9 | 34·2 | 10·3* | 23·3 | 8·6 | 30·8 | 11·6* | 32·2 | 10·5 | 20·9 | 8·4* |
| Protein intake (% total E) | 19·2 | 3·3 | 16·8 | 2·6* | 17·7 | 2·7 | 18·4 | 3·4* | 18·9 | 3·0 | 17·1 | 3·1* |
| Fat intake (% total E) | 38·2 | 6·1 | 35·0 | 6·2* | 37·5 | 5·5 | 35·7 | 7·0* | 37·5 | 6·2 | 35·6 | 6·3* |
| PUFA intake (% total E) | 5·1 | 1·4 | 5·2 | 1·4* | 5·4 | 1·4 | 4·9 | 1·4* | 5·1 | 1·2 | 5·3 | 1·6* |
| n-3 Fatty acids (g/d) | 2·5 | 1·2 | 2·6 | 2·8 | 1·2 | 2·3 | 1·0* | 2·9 | 1·0 | 2·2 | 1·2* | |
| n-6 Fatty acids (g/d) | 17·4 | 12·1 | 17·5 | 10·9 | 21·8 | 13·0 | 13·4 | 9·3* | 17·5 | 10·2 | 17·4 | 13·0* |
| MUFA intake (% total E) | 15·9 | 3·4 | 15·7 | 3·7* | 15·5 | 3·0 | 16·0 | 4·2* | 16·4 | 3·6 | 14·9 | 3·4* |
| SFA intake (% total E) | 13·9 | 3·1 | 10·8 | 2·6* | 13·6 | 2·8 | 11·2 | 3·0* | 12·4 | 3·0 | 12·5 | 3·2* |
| TFA intake (% total E) | 0·4 | 0·2 | 0·3 | 0·1* | 0·4 | 0·2 | 0·3 | 0·2* | 0·3 | 0·2 | 0·4 | 0·2* |
| Cholesterol (mg/d) | 437·9 | 145·2 | 367·4 | 127·5* | 478·4 | 134·4 | 332·5 | 115·7* | 443·9 | 143·8 | 362·3 | 121·9* |
| Vitamin A (μg/d) | 1482·8 | 919·5 | 2366·3 | 1225·9* | 1561·2 | 929·7 | 2213·6 | 1257·9* | 2352·9 | 1197·0 | 1342·0 | 875·6* |
| Vitamin E (mg/d) | 5·8 | 2·6 | 7·7 | 3·1* | 6·7 | 2·8 | 6·6 | 3·1* | 7·6 | 2·9 | 5·5 | 2·6* |
| Vitamin C (mg/d) | 213·7 | 107·0 | 335·3 | 133·3* | 233·9 | 111·0 | 308·0 | 139·9* | 325·3 | 131·9 | 208·3 | 108·6* |
| Vitamin B1 (mg/d) | 1·7 | 0·6 | 2·0 | 0·7* | 1·9 | 0·6 | 1·8 | 0·6* | 2·1 | 0·6 | 1·6 | 0·6* |
| Vitamin B2 (mg/d) | 2·1 | 0·6 | 2·2 | 0·6* | 2·3 | 0·6 | 2·0 | 0·7* | 2·4 | 0·6 | 1·9 | 0·6* |
| Vitamin B3 (mg/d) | 40·7 | 11·3 | 42·6 | 10·9* | 44·6 | 10·8 | 38·9 | 11·1* | 47·2 | 10·4 | 35·6 | 9·8* |
| Vitamin B6 (mg/d) | 2·5 | 0·8 | 3·1 | 0·9* | 2·7 | 0·8 | 2·8 | 0·9* | 3·2 | 0·8 | 2·3 | 0·8* |
| Vitamin B12 (mg/d) | 9·7 | 4·3 | 8·6 | 4·1* | 10·0 | 4·2 | 8·3 | 4·0* | 10·7 | 4·3 | 7·5 | 3·6* |
| Vitamin D (μg/d) | 6·1 | 3·9 | 6·1 | 3·9* | 6·2 | 3·8 | 5·9 | 4·1* | 7·4 | 4·2 | 4·8 | 3·2* |
| Folic acid (μg/d) | 332·7 | 129·6 | 475·4 | 150·7* | 358·8 | 132·4 | 440·4 | 161·5* | 474·2 | 148·1 | 312·5 | 124·1* |
| Fe (mg/d) | 15·1 | 4·9 | 19·2 | 5·2* | 17·2 | 5·1 | 17·0 | 5·8* | 19·2 | 5·2 | 14·6 | 4·8* |
| Ca (mg/d) | 1145·5 | 390·2 | 1162·5 | 372·1* | 1207·2 | 374·2 | 1099·7 | 387·7* | 1312·9 | 376·0 | 977·4 | 337·6* |
| K (mg/d) | 4002·9 | 1173·6 | 5277·8 | 1336·3* | 4500·2 | 1228·4 | 4709·1 | 1453·4* | 5302·0 | 1283·0 | 3801·5 | 1119·7* |
| Mg (mg/d) | 354·9 | 95·0 | 459·2 | 107·2* | 401·6 | 99·1 | 408·5 | 118·3* | 460·4 | 102·3 | 339·8 | 92·1* |
| P (mg/d) | 1818·1 | 465·4 | 1872·6 | 447·6* | 1937·5 | 441·9 | 1758·4 | 465·6* | 2109·3 | 419·3 | 1552·1 | 377·2* |
| Cr (μg/d) | 74·8 | 30·7 | 94·6 | 31·8* | 89·4 | 32·6 | 79·6 | 31·4* | 90·9 | 31·0 | 76·1 | 33·1* |
| Se (μg/d) | 89·2 | 29·9 | 95·4 | 29·7* | 99·2 | 29·6 | 85·4 | 29·3* | 103·0 | 28·3 | 80·3 | 29·0* |
| I (μg/d) | 330·5 | 165·5 | 273·5 | 148·0* | 330·9 | 159·3 | 275·7 | 156·0* | 349·6 | 163·3 | 256·4 | 147·7* |
| Zn (mg/d) | 15·6 | 7·1 | 17·1 | 7·1* | 16·0 | 5·9 | 16·7 | 8·2* | 18·8 | 7·5 | 13·6 | 6·0* |
FP, food pattern; G, groups; TFA, trans fatty acids.
*
P < 0·001 obtained through ANOVA test.