A) Common sensor modalities utilized by wearable devices to generate physiologic measurements. B) Key physiologic measures, sensors, and potential clinical applications in cardiovascular medicine. Abbreviations: ballistocardiogram (BCG), cardiovascular disease (CVD), electrocardiogram (ECG), Global Positioning System (GPS), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), peripheral artery disease (PAD), photoplethysmography (PPG), seismocardiogram (SCG).
* Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices use biochemical sensors to measure glucose levels and have important clinical applications for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, they are difficult to integrate into consumer-grade wearables and are usually a stand-alone device.