Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants divided by intervention groups.
| Characteristic | Esketamine (n = 26) | Ketamine (n = 27) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age (years) | 47.9 | 14.9 | 49.2 | 14.8 |
| Duration of current depressive episode (months) | 31 | 71.7 | 22 | 40.9 |
| Age at first depressive episode (years) | 34.6 | 16.9 | 34.8 | 18.4 |
| Number of depressive episodes | 7.5 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 5.2 |
| Number of therapeutic failures | 3.1 | 1.3 | 4.5 | 2.1 |
| Baseline MADRS score | 32 | 9.52 | 32.93 | 5.43 |
|
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| n | % | n | % | |
|
|
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| Female gender | 15 | 57.7 | 17 | 68 |
| Personal history of suicide attempt(s) | 12 | 46.2 | 9 | 33.3 |
| Current generalized anxiety disorder | 5 | 19.2 | 7 | 26.9 |
| Current or previous panic disorder | 8 | 30.8 | 7 | 26.9 |
| Current post-traumatic stress disorder | 1 | 3.8 | 2 | 7.7 |
| Current antidepressant treatment* | ||||
| Monotherapy with SSRIs | 4 | 15.4 | 3 | 11.1 |
| Monotherapy with SNRIs | 2 | 7.7 | 1 | 3.7 |
| Monotherapy with other AD† | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.7 |
| AD combination | 2 | 7.7 | 4 | 14.8 |
| AD augmentation | 18 | 69.2 | 15 | 55.6 |
| Other treatment‡ | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.4 |
AD = antidepressant; MADRS = Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; SD = standard deviation; SNRIs = Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; SSRIs = Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
* Information on the current treatment regimen was missing for one patient.
† The single participant in this category was on monotherapy with trazodone.
‡ Both participants were on monotherapy with quetiapine.