Table 3.
Associations between farmers’ market shopping behaviours and fruit and vegetable intake among farmers’ market shoppers (n 645)
| Self-reported fruit intake | Self-reported vegetable intake | Mean skin carotenoid score* | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Estimate | P-value | n | Estimate | P-value | n | Estimate | P-value | |
| Frequency of FV purchases (times/months) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 635 | 0·09 | 0·010 | 636 | 0·14 | < 0·001 | 611 | 4·85 | 0·164 |
| +Adjustment for | 527 | 0·11 | 0·007 | 528 | 0·15 | < 0·001 | 501 | 9·83 | 0·009 |
| Age (60+ years) | 0·04 | 0·738 | 0·10 | 0·417 | −3·80 | 0·748 | |||
| Female | −0·00 | 0·982 | −0·16 | 0·269 | −30·17 | 0·028 | |||
| Race | |||||||||
| African American | 0·17 | 0·238 | 0·24 | 0·088 | 18·77 | 0·159 | |||
| Other/multi-race | 0·01 | 0·959 | −0·09 | 0·614 | 3·42 | 0·833 | |||
| Current smoker | −0·03 | 0·905 | 0·03 | 0·878 | −66·08 | < 0·001 | |||
| Education (College graduate) | −0·07 | 0·606 | 0·04 | 0·753 | 42·13 | < 0·001 | |||
| Household income (≥ $40 000) | 0·08 | 0·559 | 0·21 | 0·097 | 16·91 | 0·170 | |||
| State (North Carolina) | −0·20 | 0·116 | 0·12 | 0·310 | −59·32 | < 0·001 | |||
| FV purchase variety (# of types of FV) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 636 | 0·03 | 0·006 | 637 | 0·03 | 0·016 | 612 | 0·23 | 0·846 |
| +Adjustment for | 528 | 0·04 | 0·002 | 529 | 0·04 | 0·005 | 502 | 0·26 | 0·842 |
| Age (60+ years) | 0·08 | 0·498 | 0·17 | 0·165 | 2·72 | 0·816 | |||
| Female | −0·04 | 0·764 | −0·20 | 0·174 | −31·21 | 0·024 | |||
| Race | |||||||||
| African American | 0·17 | 0·235 | 0·23 | 0·104 | 17·63 | 0·186 | |||
| Other/multi-race | 0·00 | 0·996 | −0·10 | 0·545 | 2·78 | 0·864 | |||
| Current smoker | −0·04 | 0·855 | −0·00 | 0·992 | −70·02 | < 0·001 | |||
| Education (College graduate) | −0·09 | 0·500 | 0·01 | 0·961 | 39·71 | < 0·001 | |||
| Household income (≥ $40 000) | 0·08 | 0·545 | 0·20 | 0·120 | 14·61 | 0·238 | |||
| State (North Carolina) | −0·15 | 0·244 | 0·17 | 0·166 | −57·16 | < 0·001 | |||
| Usual FV purchases ($/week) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 576 | 0·01 | < 0·001 | 576 | 0·01 | < 0·001 | 553 | 0·23 | 0·344 |
| +Adjustment for | 485 | 0·01 | < 0·001 | 486 | 0·01 | < 0·001 | 462 | 0·15 | 0·529 |
| Age (60+ years) | 0·11 | 0·386 | 0·18 | 0·148 | 6·88 | 0·576 | |||
| Female | −0·01 | 0·931 | −0·18 | 0·231 | −30·20 | 0·037 | |||
| Race | |||||||||
| African American | 0·18 | 0·215 | 0·18 | 0·202 | 15·52 | 0·273 | |||
| Other/multi-race | 0·02 | 0·895 | −0·13 | 0·469 | 1·52 | 0·930 | |||
| Current smoker | −0·09 | 0·705 | −0·03 | 0·903 | −76·93 | < 0·001 | |||
| Education (College graduate) | −0·11 | 0·419 | −0·02 | 0·864 | 37·37 | 0·003 | |||
| Household income (≥ $40 000) | 0·06 | 0·635 | 0·21 | 0·105 | 18·66 | 0·152 | |||
| State (North Carolina) | −0·12 | 0·371 | 0·18 | 0·171 | −54·52 | < 0·001 | |||
FV, fruits and vegetables.
Significance at the α < 0·05 level indicated using boldface type.
*
Farmers’ market was included as a random effect in this model to account for clustering.