Table 4.
Proportion of agreement in quartile classification of energy and nutrient intake from NOVA groups estimated from a 24-h dietary recall and FFQ
| Crude intake | Energy-adjusted intake | Percentage of intake | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Same | Adjacent | Opposite | Same | Adjacent | Opposite | Same | Adjacent | Opposite | |
| Total | |||||||||
| energy (kcal) | 32·1 | 40·3 | 7·3 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Protein (g) | 32·4 | 41·0 | 6·8 | 28·7 | 38·7 | 9·4 | – | – | – |
| Fat (g) | 33·9 | 41·4 | 5·4 | 34·9 | 38·9 | 7·1 | – | – | – |
| Saturated fat (g) | 35·8 | 40·3 | 5·4 | 34·4 | 39·8 | 6·3 | – | – | – |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 32·3 | 39·8 | 7·0 | 32·7 | 40·0 | 6·2 | – | – | – |
| Fibre (g) | 35·2 | 39·7 | 5·4 | 36·2 | 41·6 | 4·9 | – | – | – |
| Na (mg) | 33·0 | 38·9 | 7·3 | 28·5 | 39·2 | 8·4 | – | – | – |
| Average | 33·5 | 40·2 | 6·4 | 32·6 | 39·7 | 7·0 | – | – | – |
| MPF | |||||||||
| Energy (kcal) | 34·1 | 39·1 | 6·6 | – | – | – | 33·0 | 41·1 | 6·6 |
| Protein (g) | 28·7 | 39·5 | 8·8 | 26·1 | 39·1 | 10·6 | 28·7 | 37·3 | 10·8 |
| Fat (g) | 30·2 | 38·9 | 9·1 | 26·4 | 39·7 | 10·3 | 29·5 | 38·3 | 9·5 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 31·5 | 39·4 | 8·0 | 28·9 | 39·4 | 9·1 | 28·5 | 39·5 | 9·2 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 35·6 | 39·5 | 5·8 | 35·1 | 42·6 | 4·9 | 35·1 | 40·4 | 5·5 |
| Fibre (g) | 37·0 | 41·8 | 5·1 | 39·5 | 40·7 | 4·2 | 34·0 | 39·5 | 6·9 |
| Na (mg) | 29·2 | 36·2 | 9·8 | 26·1 | 37·1 | 12·2 | 26·6 | 38·3 | 11·3 |
| Average | 32·3 | 39·2 | 7·6 | 30·3 | 39·8 | 8·5 | 30·8 | 39·2 | 8·5 |
| PCI | |||||||||
| Energy (kcal) | 25·8 | 34·5 | 15·4 | – | – | – | 24·8 | 34·3 | 16·4 |
| Protein (g) | 24·8 | 46·2 | 1·9 * | 23·9 | 37·6 | 13·9 * | 24·5 | 46·6 | 2·0 * |
| Fat (g) | 26·2 | 45·6 | 1·8 * | 24·9 | 38·2 | 11·7 * | 24·2 | 45·8 | 2·0 * |
| Saturated fat (g) | 26·0 | 45·1 | 1·8 * | 24·5 | 38·6 | 12·5 * | 24·4 | 45·9 | 2·1 * |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 27·2 | 35·1 | 14·9 | 25·7 | 37·0 | 12·6 | 27·2 | 33·6 | 15·9 |
| Fibre (g) | 83·7 | – | 16·3 † | 31·5 | 39·5 | 9·2 | 83·7 | – | 16·3 † |
| Na (mg) | 26·8 | 34·4 | 16·1 | 26·4 | 37·0 | 12·5 | 26·9 | 33·9 | 15·6 |
| Average | 34·4 | 40·2 | 9·7 | 26·2 | 38·0 | 12·1 | 33·7 | 40·0 | 10·0 |
| PF | |||||||||
| Energy (kcal) | 28·2 | 40·6 | 9·0 | – | – | – | 25·7 | 40·0 | 11·3 |
| Protein (g) | 27·8 | 39·8 | 9·2 | 26·8 | 37·6 | 10·7 | 25·9 | 37·7 | 11·7 |
| Fat (g) | 28·2 | 38·7 | 9·7 | 27·9 | 37·6 | 9·9 | 28·4 | 36·5 | 10·5 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 28·8 | 38·7 | 9·3 | 28·0 | 37·4 | 10·8 | 27·6 | 38·2 | 10·5 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 28·6 | 39·8 | 9·4 | 27·3 | 38·4 | 10·6 | 27·3 | 40·0 | 10·7 |
| Fibre (g) | 33·4 | 38·4 | 6·5 | 33·2 | 38·9 | 7·2 | 31·5 | 38·1 | 7·9 |
| Na (mg) | 33·2 | 40·5 | 6·5 | 32·5 | 40·5 | 6·2 | 30·9 | 40·4 | 7·1 |
| Average | 29·7 | 39·5 | 8·5 | 29·3 | 38·4 | 9·2 | 28·2 | 38·7 | 10·0 |
| UPF | |||||||||
| Energy (kcal) | 33·0 | 41·0 | 6·3 | – | – | – | 33·7 | 40·5 | 6·1 |
| Protein (g) | 33·7 | 39·8 | 7·1 | 31·2 | 39·4 | 7·8 | 32·5 | 39·8 | 7·6 |
| Fat (g) | 38·2 | 38·7 | 5·6 | 33·7 | 40·7 | 6·1 | 32·8 | 39·1 | 7·0 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 36·0 | 40·0 | 5·8 | 35·0 | 39·0 | 6·7 | 31·3 | 38·9 | 7·4 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 33·8 | 40·7 | 6·2 | 31·9 | 41·2 | 6·6 | 34·8 | 41·2 | 5·5 |
| Fibre (g) | 32·2 | 39·5 | 7·4 | 30·2 | 39·3 | 8·3 | 36·6 | 38·6 | 5·2 |
| Na (mg) | 31·8 | 38·9 | 7·0 | 31·4 | 38·0 | 8·5 | 32·9 | 38·9 | 7·1 |
| Average | 34·1 | 39·8 | 6·5 | 32·2 | 39·6 | 7·3 | 33·5 | 39·6 | 6·6 |
Abbreviations: MPF, unprocessed and minimally processed foods; PCI, processed culinary ingredients; PF, processed foods; UPF, ultra-processed food and drink products.
*
Nutrients estimated from FFQ were not categorised into quartiles.
†
Nutrients estimated from both 24-h recall and FFQ were categorised into two groups.