Table 3.
Associations between the participant characteristics and dietary inflammatory index (DII) score(17) (n 1642)
| Characteristic | Model 1* | Model 2† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95 % CI | β | 95 % CI | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male (ref) | ||||
| Female | −0·61 | –0·76, –0·45 | −0·63 | –0·79, –0·48 |
| Age (years) | 0·01 | –0·00, 0·01 | −0·00 | –0·01, 0·01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0·01 | –0·01, 0·03 | 0·01 | –0·01, 0·03 |
| Area of residence | ||||
| Katsuura-shi, Chiba prefecture (ref) | ||||
| Minamiawaji-shi, Hyogo prefecture | 0·64 | 0·40, 0·87 | 0·67 | 0·44, 0·90 |
| Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki prefecture | 0·03 | –0·20, 0·26 | 0·10 | –0·13, 0·33 |
| Oga-shi, Akita prefecture | −0·17 | –0·40, 0·05 | −0·22 | –0·44, –0·00 |
| Takahashi-shi, Okayama prefecture | 0·01 | –0·21, 0·23 | 0·07 | –0·15, 0·28 |
| Living alone | ||||
| No (ref) | ||||
| Yes | 0·22 | 0·04, 0·41 | 0·26 | 0·08, 0·44 |
| Education | ||||
| ≤ 9 years (ref) | ||||
| ≥ 10 years | −0·36 | –0·51, –0·22 | −0·33 | –0·48, –0·18 |
| Economic status | ||||
| Constrained (ref) | ||||
| Normal or good | −0·21 | –0·36, –0·06 | −0·13 | –0·28, 0·01 |
| Frequency of shopping | ||||
| 1–2 times per week or less (ref) | ||||
| 3–6 times per week or more | −0·17 | –0·31, –0·02 | −0·21 | –0·35, –0·06 |
*
A regression analysis of the association between each participant characteristic (explanatory variable) and the DII score (outcome variable) was performed. Energy intake was included as a covariate for energy adjustment.
†
Multiple regression analysis of the associations between all participant characteristics (explanatory variables) and the DII score (outcome variable) was performed. Energy intake was included as a covariate for energy adjustment.