Table 4.
Relative risk (95 % CI) for study conclusion in favour of vitamin D and/or Ca associated with funding source and conflicts of interest (COI) disclosure
| All studies (n 156) | Conclusion in favour of intervention (n 76) | Relative risk | 95 % CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Funding disclosure | ||||
| Missing, unclear or no disclosure (n 36) | 13 | Ref | ||
| Disclosed funding sources (n 120) | 63 | 1·45 | 0·91, 2·32 | 0·09 |
| Type of funding category | ||||
| Non-commercial (n 86) and no funding (n 4) | 42 | Ref | ||
| Commercial funding (n 34) | 21 | 1·32 | 0·94, 1·87 | 0·16 |
| Missing, or unclear funding source (n 32) | 13 | 0·87 | 0·54. 1·40 | 0·68 |
| COI disclosure | ||||
| No COI (explicit statement) (n 62) | 28 | Ref | ||
| Missing or unclear COI (n 51) | 32 | 1·39 | 0·98, 1·96 | 0·09 |
| At least one author declared COI (n 43) | 16 | 0·83 | 0·51, 1·32 | 0·43 |
| Presence of COI disclosure statement (n 105) | 44 | Ref | ||
| Missing or unclear COI disclosure statement (n 51) | 32 | 1·56 | 1·05, 2·31 | 0·017 |