Table 4.
CVD risk by contribution of pure fruit juice to total fruit and pure fruit juice
| Contribution of pure fruit juice to total consumption of fruit + pure fruit juice (median) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–<25 % (7 %) | 25–<50 % (35 %) | 50–100 % (61 %) | P-trend | |||
| HR | HR | 95 % CI | HR | 95 % CI | ||
| All participants, n | 17 770 | 9340 | 7270 | |||
| CVD, n | 2107 | 905 | 757 | |||
| Mean follow-up period (years) | 14·4 | 14·5 | 14·3 | |||
| Model 1* | 1·00 | 0·93 | 0·86, 1·00 | 1·13 | 1·04, 1·22 | 0·76 |
| Model 2† | 1·00 | 0·94 | 0·87, 1·02 | 1·06 | 0·97, 1·15 | 0·86 |
| Model 3‡ | 1·00 | 0·94 | 0·87, 1·02 | 1·06 | 0·98, 1·16 | 0·96 |
| Model 4§ | 1·00 | 0·94 | 0·87, 1·02 | 1·05 | 0·96, 1·14 | 0·98 |
| CHD, n | 1188 | 493 | 432 | |||
| Mean follow-up period (years) | 14·6 | 14·7 | 14·5 | |||
| Model 1* | 1·00 | 0·89 | 0·80, 0·99 | 1·11 | 0·99, 1·24 | 0·76 |
| Model 2† | 1·00 | 0·91 | 0·82, 1·01 | 1·05 | 0·94, 1·18 | 0·59 |
| Model 3‡ | 1·00 | 0·91 | 0·82, 1·01 | 1·05 | 0·94, 1·18 | 0·96 |
| Model 4§ | 1·00 | 0·91 | 0·81, 1·01 | 1·04 | 0·93, 1·16 | 0·94 |
| Stroke, n | 434 | 180 | 145 | |||
| Mean follow-up period (years) | 14·9 | 14·9 | 14·8 | |||
| Model 1* | 1·00 | 0·90 | 0·76, 1·08 | 1·11 | 0·92, 1·34 | 0·92 |
| Model 2† | 1·00 | 0·90 | 0·75, 1·08 | 1·02 | 0·84, 1·24 | 0·57 |
| Model 3‡ | 1·00 | 0·90 | 0·76, 1·08 | 1·02 | 0·84, 1·24 | 0·63 |
| Model 4§ | 1·00 | 0·90 | 0·75, 1·08 | 1·01 | 0·83, 1·22 | 0·50 |
HR, hazard ratio; DHD15-index, Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015.
Adjusted for total pure fruit juice + fruit consumption, age and sex.
Adjusted for total pure fruit juice + fruit consumption, age, sex, educational level, physical activity, smoking, family history of diabetes, DHD15-index, coffee, sugar-sweetened beverages.
Adjusted for total pure fruit juice + fruit consumption, age, sex, educational level, physical activity, smoking, family history of diabetes, DHD15-index, coffee, sugar-sweetened beverages and energy intake.
Adjusted for total pure fruit juice + fruit consumption, age, sex, educational level, physical activity, smoking, family history of diabetes, DHD15-index, coffee, sugar-sweetened beverages, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol.