Fig. 3. An auditory decision-making task reveals distinct functional activity patterns in each pyramidal neuron type.

a, Auditory discrimination task structure. Mice touched paw handles to initiate randomized click sequences on the left and/or right side. After a delay period, a lick response on the correct side was rewarded with water. b, Psychometric functions fit to behavioral data from the discrimination task in a for individual EMX (red), IT (green) and PT (blue) mice. c, Trial-averaged response maps for all correct, leftward trials in different PyN types. Shown are averages for the ‘initiation’, ‘stimulus’, ‘delay’ and ‘response’ periods in a. d, Averaged activity of each PyN type in auditory (left) and frontal cortex (right) (dashed circles in c). Averages were separately aligned to each of the four trial periods, indicated by short gaps. The left dashed line indicates time of initiation, the gray box indicates stimulus presentation and the right dashed line indicates the animal’s response. Traces show standard deviation units (SDUs). Colors as in b. Shading shows the s.e.m.; n_EMX = 4, n_IT = 4, n_PT = 5 mice. ΔF/F, fluorescence intensity change.