Table 2:
Characteristics of 20 allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients with nocardiosis and 80 matched uninfected controls
| Case (N=20) | Control (N=80) | Total (N=100) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 55.6 (14.8) | 53.7 (14.1) | 53.6 (14.2) |
| Sex | |||
| - Female | 5 (25.0) | 20 (25.0) | 25 (25.0) |
| - Male | 15 (75.0) | 60 (75.0) | 75 (75.0) |
| Race (N=98) | |||
| - American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) |
| - Asian | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.0) |
| - Black or African American | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (2.0) |
| - White | 19 (95.0) | 73 (93.6) | 92 (93.9) |
| - Other | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (2.0) |
| Ethnicity (N=95) | |||
| - Hispanic or Latino | 0 (0.0) | 8 (10.5) | 8 (8.4) |
| - Not Hispanic or Latino | 19 (100.0) | 68 (89.5) | 87 (91.6) |
| Type of allogeneic transplant | |||
| - Cord blood | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.0) |
| - Haploidentical | 0 (0.0) | 5 (6.2) | 5 (5.0) |
| - Matched related | 9 (45.0) | 29 (36.2) | 38 (38.0) |
| - Matched unrelated | 9 (45.0) | 43 (53.8) | 52 (52.0) |
| - Mismatched | 2 (10.0) | 2 (2.5) | 4 (4.0) |
| Retransplant | 3 (15.0) | 9 (11.2) | 12 (12.0) |
| Transplant indication | |||
| - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 1 (5.0) | 11 (13.8) | 12 (12.0) |
| - Acute myeloid leukemia | 8 (40.0) | 23 (28.8) | 31 (31.0) |
| - Aplastic anemia | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.0) |
| - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia | 2 (10.0) | 2 (2.5) | 4 (4.0) |
| - Chronic myeloid leukemia | 1 (5.0) | 13 (16.2) | 14 (14.0) |
| - Lymphoma | 3 (15.0) | 11 (13.8) | 14 (14.0) |
| - Myelodysplastic syndrome/myelofibrosis | 4 (20.0) | 15 (18.8) | 19 (19.0) |
| - Plasma cell disorder | 1 (5.0) | 3 (3.8) | 4 (4.0) |
| Conditioning | |||
| - Myeloablative | 10 (50.0) | 48 (60.0) | 58 (58.0) |
| - Reduced intensity conditioning | 10 (50.0) | 32 (40.0) | 42 (42.0) |
| GVHD | 19 (95.0) | 62 (77.5) | 81 (81.0) |
| - Acute | 1 (5.3) | 24 (38.7) | 25 (30.9) |
| - Chronic | 18 (94.7) | 38 (61.3) | 56 (69.1) |
| Current immunosuppression | 19 (95.0) | 53 (66.2) | 72 (72.0) |
| - Tacrolimus | 10 (50.0) | 28 (35.0) | 38 (38.0) |
| - Cyclosporine | 3 (15.0) | 9 (11.2) | 12 (12.0) |
| - Mycophenolate | 3 (15.0) | 5 (6.2) | 8 (8.0) |
| - Corticosteroids | 15 (75.0) | 26 (32.5) | 41 (41.0) |
| - Sirolimus | 0 (0.0) | 5 (6.2) | 5 (5.0) |
| - Ruxolitinib | 4 (20.0) | 2 (2.5) | 6 (6.0) |
| - Chemotherapy | 1 (5.0) | 4 (5.0) | 5 (5.0) |
| - Infliximab | 1 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) |
| Daily prednisone dose, mg, median (IQR) (N=41) | 20.0 (10.0, 55.0) | 16.2 (5.0, 30.0) | 17.5 (7.5, 40.0) |
| GVHD requiring current immunosuppression | 18 (90.0) | 44 (55.0) | 62 (62.0) |
| Current morphological remission | 16 (80.0) | 73 (91.2) | 89 (89.0) |
| HCT-CI, median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 1.0 (1.0, 2.0) | 1.0 (1.0, 2.2) |
| CMV infection within 6 months | 4 (20.0) | 4 (5.0) | 8 (8.0) |
| Invasive fungal infection within 6 months before diagnosis | 3 (15.0) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (4.0) |
| TMP-SMX prophylaxis | 0 (0.0) | 30 (37.5) | 30 (30.0) |
| - 160–800 mg twice-weekly | 0 (0.0) | 7 (23.3) | 7 (23.3) |
| - 160–800 mg thrice-weekly | 0 (0.0) | 13 (43.3) | 13 (43.3) |
| - 80–400 mg daily | 0 (0.0) | 9 (30.0) | 9 (30.0) |
| - 80–400 mg thrice-weekly | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.3) |
| Doxycycline prophylaxis | 3 (15.0) | 5 (6.2) | 8 (8.0) |
| TMP-SMX or doxycycline prophylaxis | 3 (15.0) | 34 (42.5) | 37 (37.0) |
| Leukocyte count, x109/L, median (IQR) | 7.4 (6.0, 9.8) | 6.4 (4.8, 8.6) | 6.7 (4.9, 8.9) |
| Neutrophil count, x109/L, median (IQR) | 5.2 (3.5, 8.2) | 3.7 (2.5, 5.3) | 3.9 (2.5, 6.2) |
| Lymphocyte count, x109/L, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.3, 1.3) | 1.3 (1.0, 2.4) | 1.2 (0.8, 2.1) |
| Lymphocyte count ≤ 0.5 x109/L | 7 (35.0) | 5 (6.2) | 12 (12.0) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 6 (30.0) | 19 (23.8) | 25 (25.0) |
All data are N (%) unless otherwise specified.
Abbreviations: CMV, cytomegalovirus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; GVHD, graft-versus-host disease; HSC-CI, hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; TMP-SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.