TABLE 1.

Application of visuospatial tools in patients with vestibular dysfunction in previous clinical studies.

Dimension	Research	Tool
Spatial memory	Bigelow et al. (2015); Popp et al. (2017); Guidetti et al. (2020); Pineault et al. (2020)	Corsi block tapping task, Benton visual retention test
Spatial navigation	Wei et al. (2018); Pineault et al. (2020); Lacroix et al. (2021)	Money road map test, maze task
Mental rotation	Grabherr et al. (2011); Bigelow et al. (2015); Deroualle et al. (2019)	Card rotation test, mental transformation tasks and control task, third-person perspective taking
Spatial memory and navigation	Brandt et al. (2005); Kremmyda et al. (2016)	virtual Morris water task