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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 20.
Published in final edited form as: Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2023 Feb 20;47(2):263–272. doi: 10.1111/acer.14987

Table 4.

Definition of diagnostic labels used to determine clinical diagnosis of FASD

Variable Definition
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Requires A and B
 (A) 2 or more of the following primary physical features:
  (1) Palpebral fissure length ≤10th percentile
  (2) Philtrum lipometer score 4 or 5
  (3) Vermillion lipometer score 4 or 5

 (B) 1 or more of the following indicators of growth deficiency or deficient brain growth
  (1) Microcephaly (head circumference ≤10th percentile)
  (2) Growth deficiency (height and/or weight ≤10th percentile)
Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND) Requires history of prenatal alcohol exposure and either A or B
 (A) Behavioral impairment, as indicated by evidence of impairment* in at least one of the following domains:
  (1) Mood or behavioral regulation
  (2) Attention deficit
  (3) Impulse control

 (B) Cognitive impairment, as indicated by evidence of at least one of the following
  (1) Global impairment [IQ<78]
  (2) Impairment* in at least 2 neurobehavioral domains
   (a) Executive function
   (b) Learning
   (c) Memory
   (d) Visual-spatial function
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) Presence of FAS or ARND
*

Impairment was defined as a score at least 1.5 standard deviations below population norms for all measures (i.e., standard score of <78, T-score >65, or z-score of -1.5).