Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of NAFLD (defined through the FLI) participants in the RaNCD cohort across the tertiles of the Mediterranean diet scores.
| Variables | Tertiles (T) of Mediterranean diet score | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 low adherence | T2 | T3 high adherence | |||
| Mediterranean diet score | 0–3 | 4–5 | 6–8 | - | |
| Number | 1,462 | 1,284 | 579 | - | |
| Age; years | 48.70 ± 8.04 | 48.02 ± 8.00 | 48.16 ± 8.13 | 0.169* | |
| Male; n% | 659 (45.1%) | 534 (41.6%) | 193 (33.3%) | <0.001 | |
| Married; n% | 1,349 (92.3%) | 1,193 (92.9%) | 532 (91.9%) | 0.695 | |
| Education | Illiterate; n% | 811 (55.5%) | 607 (47.3%) | 273 (47.2%) | <0.001 |
| College degrees; n% | 74 (5.1%) | 103 (8%) | 55 (9.5%) | ||
| Hypertension; n% | 299 (20.5%) | 274 (21.3%) | 123 (21.2%) | 0.832 | |
| Diabetes mellitus; n% | 195 (13.3%) | 171 (13.3%) | 104 (21.2%) | 0.015 | |
| Cardiovascular diseases; n% | 324 (22.2%) | 323 (25.2%) | 142 (24.5%) | 0.163 | |
| Smoking | Current smoker; n% | 134 (9.2%) | 103 (8%) | 21 (3.6%) | <0.001 |
| Former smoker; n% | 115 (10.3%) | 116 (9%) | 42 (7.3%) | ||
| Non-smoker; n% | 566 (38.7%) | 548 (42.7%) | 267 (46.1%) | ||
| Physical activity | Low; n% | 509 (34.8%) | 477 (37.1%) | 201 (34.7%) | 0.001 |
| High; n% | 263 (18%) | 184 (14.3%) | 64 (11.1%) | ||
| Medication use; n% | 432 (29.5%) | 387 (30.1%) | 184 (31.8%) | 0.613 | |
| Dietary supplement use; n% | 183 (12.5%) | 101 (7.9%) | 33 (5.7%) | <0.001 | |
| Sleep duration; hours | 7.12 ± 1.23 | 7.00 ± 1.24 | 7.04 ± 1.15 | 0.122* | |
NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; FLI, fatty liver index. Values are shown as a mean ± standard deviation or frequencies.
*
p-values were obtained using the chi-square test or one-way ANOVA test.