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. 2023 Feb 22;14:1130825. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1130825

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Copyright © 2023 Panozzo, Barion, Moore, Cobalchin, Di Stefano, Sella and Vamerali

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Relative quantification of R. solani DNA (mean ± S.E.; n = 3) in stem base tissues of oilseed rape plants at the 4-leaf stage (28 days after sowing) grown in pots containing soil inoculated with R. solani (+ Rhizoctonia), under three different seed treatments, i.e. Thiram, Sedaxane alone (Sdx) and Sedaxane in combination with Fludioxonil and Metalaxyl-M (Flu+Met+Sdx). Untreated control comprises plants grown in inoculated soil but without any seed treatment; absolute control comprises plants grown in non-inoculated soil and which received no seed treatment. Different letters indicate significant differences among treatments (Newman–Keuls test, p ≤ 0.05).