Table 3.
Comparison of clinical characteristics between survivors and decedents group in IIM-ILD patients.
| Characteristic | Survivors | Decedents | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 233 (76.4) | 72 (23.6) | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 52.03 ± 10.98 | 58.57 ± 11.17 | < 0.001 |
| Duration of disease, (years) | 4 (2–11.5) | 2 (1–6) | 0.018 |
| Female | 151 (64.8) | 44 (61.1) | 0.568 |
| Current smokers | 22 (9.4) | 6 (8.3) | 0.497 |
| ILD-onset | 72 (30.9) | 36 (50.0) | 0.003 |
| Diagnosis | 0.135 | ||
| Dermatomyositis | 125 (53.6) | 49 (68.1) | |
| Polymyositis | 32 (13.7) | 5 (6.9) | |
| Department | < 0.001 | ||
| Respiratory | 38 (16.3) | 32 (44.4) | |
| Rheumatology | 169 (72.5) | 28 (38.9) | |
| Dermatology | 18 (7.7) | 8 (11.1) | |
| Signs | |||
| Thick breath sounds | 59 (25.3) | 27 (37.5) | 0.033 |
| Low breath sounds | 19 (8.2) | 12 (16.7) | 0.035 |
| Moist rales | 118 (50.6) | 54 (75.0) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical manifestation | |||
| Respiratory symptoms | |||
| Cough | 126 (54.1) | 48 (66.7) | 0.059 |
| Expectoration | 91 (39.1) | 35 (48.6) | 0.150 |
| Chest tightness | 28 (12.0) | 17 (23.6) | 0.015 |
| Dyspnea | 129 (55.4) | 53 (73.6) | 0.006 |
| Skin manifestations | |||
| Gottron’s rash | 99 (42.5) | 38 (52.8) | 0.125 |
| Raynaud’s phenomenon | 19 (8.2) | 4 (5.6) | 0.465 |
| Mechanic’s hand | 21 (9.0) | 7 (9.7) | 0.855 |
| Joint manifestations | |||
| Arthralgia | 92 (39.5) | 24 (33.3) | 0.347 |
| Joint tenderness | 49 (21.0) | 8 (11.1) | 0.059 |
| Swollen joint | 45 (19.3) | 7 (9.7) | 0.059 |
| Muscle manifestations | |||
| Myalgia | 99 (42.5) | 26 (36.1) | 0.336 |
| Myasthenia | 171 (73.4) | 50 (69.4) | 0.512 |
| Dysphagia | 31 (13.3) | 15 (20.8) | 0.119 |
| Others | |||
| Dry mouth | 30 (12.9) | 20 (27.8) | 0.003 |
| Fever | 54 (23.2) | 30 (41.7) | 0.002 |
| Hair loss | 25 (10.7) | 6 (8.3) | 0.556 |
| Weight loss | 105 (45.1) | 39 (54.2) | 0.176 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Tumor | 9 (3.9) | 5 (6.9) | 0.356 |
| Lung infection | 88 (37.8) | 42 (58.3) | 0.002 |
| Tuberculosis | 10 (4.3) | 5 (6.9) | 0.358 |
| Hypertension | 39 (16.7) | 13 (18.1) | 0.460 |
| Diabetes | 18 (7.7) | 7 (9.7) | 0.589 |
| Dyslipidemia | 102 (43.8) | 34 (47.2) | 0.607 |
| Respiratory failure | 13 (5.6) | 35 (48.6) | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 123.8 ± 17.1 | 115.7 ± 15.3 | < 0.001 |
| Monocyte (*109/L) | 0.44 ± 0.25 | 0.40 ± 0.20 | 0.235 |
| NLR | 4.1371 (2.6994–6.8143) | 7.2161 (3.7490–10.2477) | < 0.001 |
| PLR | 207.21 (141.37–303.83) | 269.24 (184.74–382.21) | 0.001 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 32.68 ± 5.55 | 27.79 ± 5.53 | < 0.001 |
| Globulin | 29.8 (26.1–33.9) | 31.0 (27.4–35.3) | 0.108 |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 201.2 (56.6–1227.1) | 106.9 (50.4–292.9) | 0.036 |
| Myohemoglobin (U/L) | 117.1 (49.1–729.0) | 106.8 (59.5–245.9) | 0.411 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 5.38 (2.47–14.25) | 14.65 (5.88–46.58) | < 0.001 |
| ESR (mm/h) | 31 (14–49) | 38 (24–61) | 0.002 |
| CAR | 0.1572 (0.0712–0.4880) | 0.5299 (0.2170–1.6427) | < 0.001 |
| EAR | 0.8824 (0.4302–1.4838 | 1.3376 (0.8937–2.3218) | < 0.001 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 394.2 (212.8–526.3) | 534 (422.0–586.3) | < 0.001 |
| Myositis associated autoantibodies | |||
| Anti-Ro-52 antibody | 139 (59.7) | 50 (69.4) | 0.135 |
| Myositis specific autoantibodies | |||
| Anti-MDA5 antibody | 104 (44.6) | 44 (66.1) | 0.014 |
| Anti-Jo-1 antibody | 35 (15.0) | 4 (5.6) | 0.036 |
| Anti-SRP antibody | 32 (13.7) | 3 (4.2) | 0.026 |
| Image abnormalities | |||
| Irregular linear opacities | 140 (60.1) | 44 (61.1) | 0.876 |
| Grid shadow | 71 (30.5) | 27 (37.5) | 0.264 |
| Nodular shadow | 98 (42.1) | 24(33.3) | 0.186 |
| Septal thickening | 59 (25.3) | 20 (27.8) | 0.678 |
| Ground-glass opacities | 76 (32.6) | 22 (30.6) | 0.743 |
| Patch shadow | 151 (64.8) | 61 (84.7) | 0.001 |
| Traction bronchodilation | 18(7.7) | 9 (12.5) | 0.213 |
| Honeycombing | 12 (5.2) | 9 (12.5) | 0.035 |
| Pleural effusion | 30 (12.9) | 24 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
| Therapy | |||
| Corticosteroids | 229 (98.3) | 69 (95.8) | 0.362 |
| Immunosuppressants | 198 (85.0) | 36 (50.0) | < 0.001 |
| Plasma exchange | 15 (6.4) | 17 (23.6) | < 0.001 |
| IVIG | 75 (32.2) | 39 (54.2) | < 0.001 |
| Pirfenidone | 21 (9.0) | 3 (4.2) | 0.182 |
Values are presented as number (%) or median (range).
ILD, interstitial lung disease; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; NLR, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet-lymphocyte ratio; CAR, the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio; EAR, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate to Albumin ratio; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin.