Table 1.
Summary of the ERICH and ATACH-2 study designs and overall patient populations.
| ERICH (8, 10) | ATACH-2 (12) | |
|---|---|---|
| Study design | Multicenter, prospective, case-control study | Randomized, multicenter, open-label trial |
| Key inclusion criteria | • Adults with spontaneous ICeH, including critically ill patients • Anticoagulation prior to ICeH was permitted |
• Adults with spontaneous supratentorial ICeH • Volume < 60 mL • GCS score ≥5 • INR < 5 |
| Key exclusion criteria | • Malignancies that lead to coagulopathy • Dural venous sinus thrombosis-associated hemorrhage • Hemorrhages attributable to vascular malformations, aneurysms, tumors, or hemorrhagic conversion of recent ischemic stroke |
• ICeH related to trauma • ICeH located in infratentorial regions, such as the pons or cerebellum • IVH associated with intraparenchymal hemorrhage and blood completely fills 1 lateral ventricle or more than half of both ventricles • Use of oral anticoagulants within the past 48 h • Pre-morbid disability requiring assistance in ambulation or activities of daily living |
| Baseline characteristics | N = 2,568 | N = 1,000 |
| Mean age, years | 62.4 | 61.9 |
| Male, n (%) | 1499 (58.4) | 620 (62.0) |
| Race, n (%) | ||
| Asian | 0 | 562 (56.2) |
| White | 860 (33.5) | 287 (28.7) |
| Black | 829 (32.3) | 131 (13.1) |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 879 (34.2) | 79 (7.9) |
| ICeH location, n (%) | ||
| Deep | 1,347 (52.5) | NA |
| Thalamus | NA | 373 (37.8)* |
| Basal ganglia | NA | 506 (51.2)* |
| Lobar | 800 (31.2) | 108 (10.9)* |
| Cerebellar | 193 (7.5) | 1 (0.1)* |
| Brainstem | 134 (5.2) | 0 |
| IVH, n (%) | 1,089 (42.4) | 264 (26.7)* |
| GCS score | ||
| Mean (SD) GCS score | mRS 0–3: 13.9 (2.5) | NA |
| mRS 4–6: 10.8 (4.2) | NA | |
| 3–11 GCS score, n (%) | NA | 147 (14.7) |
| 12–14 GCS score, n (%) | NA | 294 (29.4) |
| 15 GCS score, n (%) | NA | 559 (55.9) |
*N = 988. GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICeH, intracerebral hemorrhage; INR, international normalized range; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; mRS, modified Rankin scale; NA, not available; SD, standard deviation.