TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants in included studies
| Study (year) | TC, mmol/L (SD) | Dyslipidemia definition | Dyslipidemia, % | SBP | BMI | Diabetes, % | Smokers, % | Anti‐HTN drugs, % | Lipid‐lowering drugs, % | Education | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | % >140mm Hg | Mean (SD) | % >30 | mean (SD), years ¶ | % post‐secondary || | ||||||||
| Gong (2021) 27 | 5·9 (1·1) 1 | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 34·1 1 | 135·3 (19·2) 1 | ·· | 27·1 (5·2)‡, 1 | ·· | 3·8 1 | 40·7 1 | 14·1 1 | 10·8 1 | ·· | ·· |
| Gong (2021) 27 | 5·5 (1·1) 1 | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 23·8 1 | 140.9 (17·5) 1 | ·· | 27·8 (4·2)‡, 1 | ·· | 7·1 1 | 51·3 1 | 20·9 1 | 20·0 1 | ·· | ·· |
| Iwagami (2021)28 | 5·6 (1·1) | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 27·9 1 | ·· | ·· | 28·3 (5·7)‡ | ·· | 6·7 | 54·1 | 25·5 | 9·3 | ·· | ·· |
| Liang (2020) 19 | ·· | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 65·1 | ·· | 42·7 | ·· | 16.6 | 4·0 | 24·2 | ·· | ·· | 8·6 (3·4) | |
| Sabia (2019) 29 | 6·2 (1·2) | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 44·6 | 122·3 (15·1) | ·· | 25·5 (3·8)‡ | ·· | 1·4 | 19·7 | 5·24 | 0·7 | ·· | 39·1 |
| Svensson (2019) 22 | 5·0 | HDL < 1·3 mmol/L | ·· | ·· | 25·7 | 23·5 (2·6)‡ | ·· | 2·2 | 24·9 | ·· | 2·5 | ·· | 66·5 |
| Vu (2019) 21 | 5·1 (1·1) | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 11·5 | 131·8 (15·9) | ·· | 23·5 (2·6)‡ | ·· | 1·3 | 66·9 | ·· | ·· | 13·6 (2·6) | ·· |
| Toro (2014) 30 | 6·2 (1·2) | TC ≥ 6·9 mmol/L | ·· | ·· | ·· | 26.6 (3·5)‡ | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | 12·9 (2·8) | ·· |
| Exalto (2014) 34 | ·· | TC ≥ 6·5 mmol/L | 25·3 | ·· | 18·3 | – | 10.0 | 14·1 | 56·9 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· |
| Rönnemaa (2011) 42 | 6·9 (1·3) | TC > 7·0 mmol/L | ·· | 133·0 (18·0) | ·· | 25·1 (3·2)‡ | ·· | ·· | 51·0 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· |
| Solomon (2009) 45 | ·· | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 15·4 1 | 127·1 (14·7) 1 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | 61·9 1 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· |
| Mielke (2010) 44 | 5·7 (1·1) | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 32·0 | ·· | 19·3 | 24·9 (3·9)‡ | ·· | 11·3 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | 34·3|| |
| Whitmer (2005) 18 | ·· | TC ≥ 6·2 mmol/L | 32·2 | ·· | 19·4 | – | ·· | 11·4 | 59·8 | ·· | ·· | ·· | 50·9|| |
| Rosengren (2005) 43 | 6·4 (1·2) | TC ≥ 7·5mmol/L | ·· |
149 (22) |
·· | 25·5 (3·3)‡ | ·· | 2·0 | 50·2 | 5·4 | ·· | ·· | ·· |
| Kivipelto (2005) 35 | 6·7 (1·2) | TC ≥ 6·5 mmol/L | ·· | 144.3 (19.9) | ·· | 26·6 (3·7) | ·· | 6·7 | 43·0 | ·· | ·· | 8·7 (3·5) | ·· |
| Kivipelto (2001) 36 | 6·7 (1·2) | TC ≥ 6·5 mmol/L | 54·2 | 144·3 (19·9) | ·· | 26.6 (3.7) ‡ | ·· | 1·1 | 42·8 | 14·8 | ·· | 8·4 (3·5) | ·· |
| Kivipelto (2001) 20 | 6·7 (1·2) | TC ≥ 6·5 mmol/L | ·· | 143·9 (19·9) | ·· | 26·5 (3·7) | ·· | 1·1 | 42·7 | 14·4 | ·· | 8·7 (3·5) | ·· |
| Notkola (1998) 46 | 6·6 | TC ≥ 6·5 mmol/L | 58·6 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· |
1
Due to data restrictions, values were based on the entire study sample rather than the eligible sub‐sample for our study.
*Systolic blood pressure in mean (SD) mmHg; †Systolic blood pressure in % participants ≥140 mmHg.
‡ BMI in mean (SD) units; § BMI in % participants ≥30 units.
¶ Education in mean (SD) years; || Education in % participants who finished secondary school.