Plasma creatinine (A) and NGAL (B) measurements on day 5 and day 8 following transplant. ****P<0.0001, n = 5 mouse recipients/group, Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparisons test have been performed. (C) GFR measurement in the conscious recipients on day 11 following transplant. Data are presented as mean ± SD. ***P<0.001, Student’s t test comparing untreated group to accelerating-3rdgen-SMEF treated group was performed. (n=5 mouse recipients/group). (D) Representative kidney tissue sections stained with Masson’s Trichrome, TUNEL and immunofluorescent anti-CD31. (black arrows, tubulointerstitial fibrosis; white arrows, apoptosis and yellow arrows, peritubular capillary endothelial cells). (F) Quantification of tubulointerstitial fibrosis area over whole kidney sections, TUNEL-positive cells/nuclei as the percentage (%) of TUNEL and DAPI double-positive cells relative to total cells and CD31-positive area over the kidney section as described in Supplementary Materials and Methods. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparisons test have been performed (****P<0.0001, n = 5 kidneys/group).