Fig 10. Proposed model of MyoF-mediated Env trafficking in HTLV-1-infected T-cells.

Through its activation domain (AD), HBZ recruits p300/CBP to the MYOF gene enhancers to activate transcription. Env is processed to its mature form through the Trans-Golgi Network (TGN) and incorporated into the plasma membrane. The YXXΦ motif in Env mediates clathrin-dependent endocytosis and trafficking of Env to lysosomes. However, the presence of MyoF causes Env to be redirected to the endosomal recycling compartment from which Env traffics to sites of virion assembly. Apart from MyoF the ESSL domain separately reduces lysosomal-mediated degradation of Env. One component of this figure was drawn using a picture from Servier Medical Art, which are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://smart.servier.com).