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. 2023 Feb 16;35(2):223–230. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001223

Table 2.

GBS vaccine candidates in the development pathway

Vaccine candidate	Serotype target	Preclinical	Phase 1	Phase 2	Trials in Pregnant Women	Phase 3	Trial locations
Polysaccharide conjugate vaccines
Monovalent and bivalent conjugates (TT / CRM197 CPS)	TT monovalent: Ia, Ib, II, III, IV^a, V, VI^a, VII^a, VIII^a TT bivalent: II, III CRM197 monovalent: V	√	√	√	√		No longer in development
Trivalent CRM197-CPS conjugates	Ia, Ib, III	√	√	√	√		No longer in development
Pentavalent TT CPS conjugates	TBC	√	√				TBC
Hexavalent CRM197-CPS conjugates	Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, V	√	√	√	√	√^b	South Africa, UK, US, Uganda
Biotinylated CPS conjugates		√
Protein-based vaccines
N-terminal domains of the Rib and AlphaC proteins	N/A	√	√	√	√	√^b	Denmark, South Africa, Uganda, UK
Pilus proteins		√
Other proteins		√

^a

Only in preclinical trials.

^b

Planned for 2023.

TBC, to be confirmed.