Table 2.

The effects of various plants that contain the main omega-6 content on broiler performance.

Dose rate	Major findings	References
Broilers supplemented with 1.5% different sources of omega-3 and omega-6 (fish oil, coconut oil, canola oil, or a mixture of the three oils)	Enhanced growth performance and immune status, improved blood lipid profile and antioxidants status, and the effect of the oil sources depends on the criteria of response	Attia et al. [3]
Dietary base supplemented with 6% of the following oils: palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SO), and linseed oil (LO)	Had higher oxidative stability and cholesterol	Abdulla et al. [5]
The broilers are fed 2% of various types of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (2% flax seed oil in particular)	Reduce late embryonic mortality	Saber and Kutlu [52]
Sunflower meal is added to broilers' food at a rate of 4%–12%	It did not affect carcass percentage and cut the yield of broilers	Sangsoponjit et al. [53]
Broilers supplemented with sunflower oil at a rate of 2–6%	Had greater duodenum and ilium length as well as higher fat digestibility	Khatun et al. [22]
Broilers supplemented with sunflower oil at a rate of 25–100%	LDL, HDL, and weight of the thigh, breast, heart, and pancreas and abdominal fat were not affected by the type of oil fed	Karimi et al. [54]
Broilers supplemented with sunflower oil at a rate of 2.5%–3.5%	No significant differences were obtained for different parameters of growth performance, carcass parts, and traits of groups	Gaafar et al. [55]
Basal diet supplemented with safflower oil at a rate of 5–20%	Improve weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio	Malakian et al. [56]
Canola oil was added to the diets at 0–5% concentrations	Decreases the concentrations of saturated fatty acids and blood glucose in broilers	Al-Tawash et al. [57]
Basal diet supplemented with safflower oil and inositol up to 1%	Produces relatively similar intestinal weight and length, crypt depth, and the length and width of intestinal villi	Albasheer et al. [58]
Basal diet supplemented with safflower meal at a rate of 60%	Not significantly increase the performance of chicks to increase economic efficiency	Abrham et al. [59]
Basal diet supplemented with safflower oil 5–10 g/kg	Increased the goblet cell count, mucosal thickness, intraepithelium lymphocytic lick cell infiltrations, villous height, width, and crypt depth	Amer et al. [60]
Basal diet supplemented with flaxseed oil 2.5–10 g/kg	Decreased feed intake and body weight gain but increased the feed conversion ratio and also decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride, very low-density, LDL levels in serum and increased HDL. Dietary flaxseed oil treatment significantly reduced weight gain	Al-Hilali [61]
Basal diet supplemented with flaxseed oil at rate 4% and 8%	Did not show any improvement in chicken breast meat sensory quality	Stanaćev et al. [62]
Basal diet supplemented with high-oleic peanuts at a rate of 10–12%	Increase the meat produced with unsaturated fatty acids without adversely changing the protein or amino acid content of the meat generated	Toomer et al. [63]
Basal diet supplemented with 0.1–2.0 mg/kg at the rate of Silybum marianum	Greater anabolic activities in their bodies and increased use of albumin fraction proteins as the principal material for organogenesis	Bagno et al. [64]
Basal diet supplemented with Silybum marianum at a rate of 12%	Improve broiler performance	Shahsavan et al. [65]
Basal diet supplemented with fermented rice bran and unfermented rice bran at 500 and 250 g/kg	Beneficial effect on weight gain and feed intake	Nalle and Yowi [66]
Basal diet supplemented with pumpkin seed meal at a rate of 10%	Not changing the productive performance and the sensorial quality of the meat	Martínez et al. [67]
Basal diet supplemented with extruded rice bran at a rate of 30%	Improved the broiler performance	Zare-Sheibani et al. [68]
Basal diet supplemented with Silybum marianum at rate 2%–3%	Achieve the maximum body weight at the lowest feed conversion per unit of body weight gain without affecting muscularity or fattening grade	Janocha et al. [69]
Basal diet supplemented with 33–100 g/kg squash seed meal	Enhanced performance and boosted edible carcass sections while decreasing belly fat in the carcass	Aguilar et al. [70]