Table 4.
Incidences of adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes for the mixture group with different ages and parities.
| Variables | Total (%) | Nulliparas | Multiparas | p | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 (%) | A2 (%) | A3 (%) | AMA (%) | vAMA (%) | A1 (%) | A2 (%) | A3 (%) | AMA (%) | vAMA (%) | |||
| n | 15,861 | 2,541 | 7,821 | 1,374 | 230 | 36 | 45 | 236 | 2,262 | 1,084 | 232 | |
| Gestational hypertension | 740 (4.67) | 66 (2.60) | 308 (3.94) | 77 (5.60) | 30 (13.04) | 6 (16.67) | 2 (4.44) | 9 (3.81) | 100 (4.42) | 106 (9.78) | 36 (15.52) | 0.00*** |
| Eclampsia/pre-eclampsia | 537 (3.39) | 30 (1.18) | 223 (2.85) | 72 (5.24) | 20 (8.70) | 4 (11.11) | 1 (2.22) | 7 (2.97) | 74 (3.27) | 77 (7.10) | 29 (12.50) | 0.00*** |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 3,633 (22.91) | 474 (18.65) | 1,689 (21.60) | 362 (26.35) | 88 (38.26) | 14 (38.89) | 7 (15.56) | 47 (19.92) | 521 (23.03) | 348 (32.10) | 83 (35.78) | 0.00*** |
| Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy | 374 (2.36) | 58 (2.28) | 196 (2.51) | 35 (2.55) | 5 (2.17) | 2 (5.56) | 1 (2.22) | 5 (2.12) | 42 (1.86) | 24 (2.21) | 6 (2.59) | 0.80 |
| Anemia | 262 (1.65) | 35 (1.38) | 112 (1.43) | 22 (1.60) | 5 (2.17) | 2 (5.56) | 1 (2.22) | 6 (2.54) | 52 (2.30) | 22 (2.03) | 5 (2.16) | 0.07 |
| Placenta previa | 279 (1.76) | 20 (0.79) | 77 (0.98) | 23 (1.67) | 10 (4.35) | 3 (8.33) | 0 | 4 (1.69) | 57 (2.52) | 67 (6.18) | 18 (7.76) | 0.00*** |
| Placental abruption | 174 (1.10) | 26 (1.02) | 80 (1.02) | 14 (1.02) | 3 (1.30) | 1 (2.78) | 1 (2.22) | 3 (1.27) | 29 (1.28) | 14 (1.29) | 3 (1.29) | 0.95 |
| Placental implantation | 170 (1.07) | 28 (1.10) | 70 (0.90) | 12 (0.87) | 3 (1.30) | 1 (2.78) | 0 | 1 (0.42) | 21 (0.93) | 26 (2.40) | 8 (3.45) | 0.00*** |
| Premature rupture of membrane | 2,845 (17.94) | 473 (18.61) | 1,454 (18.59) | 253 (18.41) | 42 (18.26) | 6 (16.67) | 7 (15.56) | 38 (16.10) | 365 (16.14) | 169 (15.59) | 38 (16.38) | 0.14 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 665 (4.19) | 80 (3.15) | 296 (3.78) | 60 (4.37) | 12 (5.22) | 4 (11.11) | 2 (4.44) | 8 (3.39) | 104 (4.60) | 77 (7.10) | 22 (9.48) | 0.00*** |
| Oligohydramnios | 741 (4.67) | 114 (4.49) | 360 (4.60) | 62 (4.51) | 11 (4.78) | 2 (5.56) | 2 (4.44) | 11 (4.66) | 106 (4.69) | 53 (4.89) | 20 (8.62) | 0.79 |
| Preterm birth | 1,870 (11.79) | 286 (11.26) | 874 (11.18) | 137 (9.97) | 37 (16.09) | 6 (16.67) | 7 (15.56) | 33 (13.98) | 276 (12.20) | 174 (16.05) | 40 (17.24) | 0.00*** |
| Cesarean section | 8,878 (55.97) | 1,102 (43.37) | 3,980 (50.89) | 749 (54.51) | 194 (84.35) | 31 (86.11) | 21 (46.67) | 153 (64.83) | 1,589 (70.25) | 869 (80.17) | 190 (81.90) | 0.00*** |
| Macrosomia | 549 (3.46) | 88 (3.46) | 250 (3.20) | 48 (3.49) | 7 (3.04) | 0 | 2 (4.44) | 8 (3.39) | 89 (3.93) | 48 (4.43) | 9 (3.88) | 0.55 |
| Fetal distress | 206 (1.30) | 32 (1.26) | 99 (1.270) | 18 (1.31) | 3 (1.30) | 1 (2.78) | 1 (2.22) | 3 (1.27) | 30 (1.33) | 15 (1.38) | 4 (1.72) | 0.1 |
| Transfer to neonatal unit | 2,296 (14.48) | 305 (12.00) | 1,095 (14.00) | 227 (16.52) | 48 (20.87) | 13 (36.11) | 4 (8.89) | 25 (10.59) | 313 (13.84) | 208 (19.19) | 58 (25.00) | 0.00*** |
| Neonatal jaundice | 778 (4.91) | 117 (4.60) | 382 (4.88) | 62 (4.51) | 11 (4.78) | 1 (2.78) | 2 (4.44) | 12 (5.08) | 109 (4.82) | 62 (5.72) | 20 (8.62) | 0.37 |
| Apgar score <7 within 5 min of birth | 278 (1.75) | 32 (1.26) | 123 (1.57) | 22 (1.60) | 4 (1.74) | 1 (2.78) | 1 (2.22) | 4 (1.69) | 50 (2.21) | 32 (2.95) | 9 (3.88) | 0.01* |
*p < 0.05, statistically difference, **p < 0.01, statistically significant difference, ***p < 0.001, highly statistically significant difference. A1: 20–24 years old women, A2: 25–29 years old women, A3: 30–34 years old women, AMA: 35–39 years old women, and vAMA: ≥ 40 years old women.