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. 2023 Feb 16;31:568–585. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.02.014

Figure 2.

Figure 2

BMAL1 positively regulated the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs

(A) ARS, ALP staining, and quantification at different time points during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. (B and C) BMAL1 protein (B) and mRNA (C) expression in MSCs undergoing osteogenic differentiation as measured at different time points. GAPDH served as the internal control. Bar graphs showing the expression of BMAL1 relative to the GAPDH level. (D) Correlation of expression levels of BMAL1 with ARS quantification and ALP activity during the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. (E) ARS and ALP staining of the MSCs infected with Sh-NC, Sh-BMAL1, OE-NC, or OE-BMAL1 lentiviruses on the 14th day of osteogenic differentiation. (F and G) Relative mRNA (F) and protein (G) expression of the osteogenesis-associated markers RUNX2 and OSX in the MSCs infected with Sh-NC, Sh-BMAL1, OE-NC, or OE-BMAL1 lentiviruses on the 10th day of osteogenic differentiation. (H) HE and Masson staining and Col I immunohistochemistry of transplanted HA/TCP embedded with the MSCs infected with Sh-NC, Sh-BMAL1, OE-NC, or OE-BMAL1 lentiviruses. All data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 3 (MSCs derived from 3 different donors); ∗p < 0.05.