Table 4.
RV functional and synchronicity parameters in ToF patients with and without greater degree of RV dyssynchrony.
| MD-4 > 38 ms (n = 38) | MD-4 < 38 ms (n = 31)a | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrocardiogram and pulmonary valve | |||
| QRS duration, ms | 136 ± 29 | 143 ± 29 | 0.32 |
| Right bundle branch block (RBBB), n (%) | 29 (76) | 19 (63) | 0.46 |
| RBBB and left anterior fascicular block, n (%) | 5 (13) | 6 (20) | 0.45 |
| Trans-annular patch at initial repair, n (%) | 20 (53) | 16 (52) | 0.93 |
| Pulmonary valve re-intervention, n (%) | 17 (45) | 13 (42) | 0.82 |
| ≥Moderate pulmonary regurgitation, n (%) | 19 (50) | 16 (52) | 0.89 |
| Right ventricular function | |||
| RV ejection fraction (CMR), % | 46 ± 8 (17) | 47 ± 9 (14) | 0.54 |
| RV ejection fraction (3D-TTE), % | 44 ± 6 (27) | 47 ± 6 (20) | 0.25 |
| RV septum LS, % | −13 ± 3 | −15 ± 4 | 0.034 |
| RV lateral wall LS, % | −20 ± 4 | −20 ± 5 | 0.83 |
| RV anterior wall LS, % | −18 ± 4 (27) | −18 ± 4(25) | 0.95 |
| RV inferior wall LS, % | −19 ± 4 (35) | −20 ± 3(30) | 0.75 |
| RV synchronicity assessment | |||
| Lateral wall-septum delay, ms | 73 [37, 108] | 37 [0, 63] | 0.006 |
| Anterior wall-septum delay, ms | 91 [52, 116] (27) | 41 [1, 69](25) | 0.013 |
| Inferior wall-septum delay, ms | 60 [−3, 91] (35) | 35 [0, 62](30) | 0.28 |
| Evidence of pre-stretch in ≥1 RV wall, n (%) | 7 (18) | 2 (6) | 0.14 |
| Evidence of post systolic shortening in ≥1 RV wall, n (%) | 14 (37) | 5 (16) | 0.06 |
Mechanical dispersion (MD-4) value >38 ms indicative of greater degree of RV dyssynchrony.
a
One patient in MD-4 <38 ms group without available ECG data. Feasible measurements are noted in subscript (n). Other measurements were 100% feasible.