Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 24;68:205–215. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.02.011

Table 3.

Responses on Lymphedema Screening Initiative Questionnaire over time.


Time After Surgery


0–3 months
>3–6 months
>6–9 months
>9–12 months
>12–16 months
P Value
No. (%) n = 117 n = 116 n = 107 n = 106 n = 70
I have lymphedema <0.001
 Strongly agree/agree 22 [19] 19 [18] 44 (43) 44 (44) 29 (45)
 Neutral 12 [11] 18 [18] 15 [15] 11 [11] 8 [12]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 80 (70) 66 (64) 43 [23] 46 (45) 28 (43)
Lymphedema knowledge/education,no. (%)
I knew about lymphedema before I met with my breast cancer medical team at MD Anderson 0.269
 Strongly agree/agree 62 (53) 56 (48) 51 (48) 42 [21] 35 (50)
 Neutral 10 [8] 3 [3] 7 [7] 5 [5] 3 [4]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 45 [24] 57 (49) 48 (45) 58 (55) 32 (46)
I was provided with education that prepared me to understand that because of the breast cancer treatments I received, I have a lifetime risk of lymphedema 0.285
 Strongly agree/agree 97 (83) 102 (88) 92 (87) 90 (86) 64 (91)
 Neutral 8 [7] 4 [3] 3 [3] 1 [1] 3 [4]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 12 [10] 10 [9] 11 [10] 14 [13] 3 [4]
I know who to contact if I develop swelling or redness in my arm 0.598
 Strongly agree/agree 98 (84) 103 (89) 93 (88) 84 (80) 63 (90)
 Neutral 10 [8] 5 [4] 5 [5] 9 [9] 3 [4]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 9 [8] 8 [7] 8 [7] 12 [11] 4 [6]
I understand how to identify signs of lymphedema 0.014
 Strongly agree/agree 88 (76) 107 (92) 92 (87) 93 (89) 64 (91)
 Neutral 16 [14] 6 [5] 10 [9] 6 [6] 6 [9]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 11 [10] 3 [3] 4 [4] 6 [6] 0 (0)
I know what exercises/massage to do to treat lymphedema 0.540
 Strongly agree/agree 64 (88) 83 (86) 76 (89) 86 (94) 54 (95)
 Neutral 1 [1] 3 [3] 2 [2] 0 (0) 1 [2]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 8 [11] 11 [11] 7 [8] 6 [6] 2 [3]
I have been provided with education regarding exercises to prevent lymphedema 0.107
 Strongly agree/agree 72 (77) 96 (89) 90 (88) 91 (91) 55 (85)
 Neutral 4 [4] 5 [5] 5 [5] 3 [3] 4 [6]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 17 [18] 7 [6] 7 [7] 6 [6] 6 [9]
Physical/occupational therapy recommendations and adherence over time,no. (%)
On average, I perform exercises to prevent lymphedema
 0 days/week 7 [7] 8 [7] 13 [13] 18 [18] 12 [18] 0.002
 1–2 days/week 11 [11] 23 [33] 30 [39] 33 [25] 17 [28]
 3–4 days/week 25 [38] 30 [41] 21 [33] 16 [16] 14 [33]
 5–6 days/week 17 [17] 23 [33] 14 [14] 15 [15] 9 [14]
 Every day 39 [24] 26 [40] 20 [20] 20 [20] 14 [33]
I was advised to wear compression garments/bandages
 Sometimes 24 [20] 36 [39] 36 [22] 39 [30] 26 [30] 0.038
 24 h/day 3 [3] 6 [5] 6 [6] 10 [9] 6 [9]
 Not advised to use 90 (77) 72 (63) 63 (60) 57 (54) 37 (53)
 Other/unclear 0 (0) 1 [1] 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 [1]
I wear compression garments/bandages
 Sometimes 25 [33] 36 [39] 36 [22] 40 [34] 30 (43) 0.092
 24 h/day 4 [3] 4 [4] 2 [2] 5 [5] 1 [1]
 Never 88 (75) 75 (65) 67 (64) 61 (57) 39 (56)
Satisfaction with care provided,no. (%)
I feel that my health concerns about lymphedema are understood 0.596
 Strongly agree/agree 103 (88) 103 (90) 96 (91) 87 (83) 64 (91)
 Neutral 6 [5] 7 [6] 6 [6] 10 [9] 4 [8]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 8 [7] 5 [4] 3 [3] 8 [8] 2 [3]
I have a fear of developing lymphedema 0.620
 Strongly agree/agree 84 (72) 78 (68) 64 (61) 71 (69) 45 (65)
 Neutral 24 [33] 24 [33] 25 [40] 18 [17] 14 [20]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 8 [7] 13 [11] 16 [15] 14 [14] 10 [15]
The breast cancer medical team at MD Anderson helped alleviate my fears about lymphedema 0.011
 Strongly agree/agree 59 (50) 78 (67) 68 (64) 65 (63) 45 (64)
 Neutral 53 (45) 27 [35] 30 [27] 27 [28] 18 [28]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 5 [4] 11 [10] 8 [8] 13 [12] 7 [10]
The breast cancer medical team at MD Anderson answered my questions about lymphedema 0.073
 Strongly agree/agree 96 (82) 107 (92) 94 (89) 93 (89) 61 (87)
 Neutral 19 [16] 4 [3] 9 [8] 7 [7] 7 [10]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 2 [2] 5 [4] 3 [3] 5 [5] 2 [3]
If you've had a perometer measurement, the results were explained during the clinic visit 0.182
 Strongly agree/agree 71 (67) 87 (76) 81 (79) 81 (78) 58 (87)
 Neutral 12 [11] 8 [7] 6 [6] 7 [7] 5 [7]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 23 [36] 19 [17] 15 [15] 16 [15] 4 [6]
I have had a consultation with a physical or occupational therapist related to my breast cancer 0.022
 Agree 80 (71) 102 (88) 88 (85) 94 (89) 60 (86)
 Disagree 25 [36] 10 [9] 11 [11] 10 [9] 8 [11]
 Cannot recall 8 [7] 4 [3] 5 [5] 2 [2] 2 [3]
I am satisfied with the cancer care I receive 0.573
 Strongly agree/agree 105 (90) 110 (95) 100 (93) 99 (93) 67 (96)
 Neutral 6 [5] 5 [4] 3 [3] 3 [3] 3 [4]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 5 [4] 1 [1] 4 [4] 4 [4] 0 (0)
I am satisfied with the physical/occupational therapy care I receive/have received (among who agree had consulted PT) 0.876
 Strongly agree/agree 64 (93) 84 (88) 75 (87) 84 (92) 54 (92)
 Neutral 2 [3] 4 [4] 6 [7] 4 [4] 3 [5]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 3 [4] 7 [7] 5 [6] 3 [3] 2 [3]

Time After Surgery


03 months
>36 months
>69 months
>912 months
>1216 months
P Value
n = 117 n = 116 n = 107 n = 106 n = 70
Perspectives on lymphedema screening,no. (%)
Lymphedema screening with a perometer when added onto my other medical visits is worth it to me 0.495
 Strongly agree/agree 113 (97) 111 (96) 100 (94) 98 (93) 65 (93)
 Neutral 4 [3] 5 [4] 4 [4] 5 [5] 5 [7]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 [2] 2 [2] 0 (0)
The lymphedema screening I receive helps alleviate my fear of developing lymphedema 0.048
 Strongly agree/agree 79 (69) 88 (76) 72 (68) 77 (73) 55 (79)
 Neutral 33 [26] 17 [15] 21 [20] 19 [18] 10 [14]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 3 [3] 11 [9] 13 [12] 10 [9] 5 [7]
I feel that lymphedema screening with the perometer should be performed at each of my visits at the Breast Center 0.292
 Strongly agree/agree 96 (83) 85 (74) 79 (74) 88 (83) 54 (77)
 Neutral 17 [15] 22 [19] 21 [20] 14 [13] 15 [33]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 2 [2] 8 [7] 6 [6] 4 [4] 1 [1]
I have lymphedema <0.001
 Strongly agree/agree 22 [19] 19 [18] 44 (43) 44 (44) 29 (45)
 Neutral 12 [11] 18 [18] 15 [15] 11 [11] 8 [12]
 Strongly disagree/disagree 80 (70) 66 (64) 43 [23] 46 (45) 28 (43)

Abbreviations: PT, physical therapy.