Table 2.
Summary of the included studies.
| WHO region | Country | Study source | Years of study | Type | Extend | Study design | No. of patients | Incidence rate per million | Prehospital mortality Included? | ISCoS∗ Format Utilized? |
Age range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFR E | Botswana | Löfvenmark et al. | 2011–2012 | Survey | Subnational Gaborone |
Prospective hospital-based | 52 | 13 | No | Yes | 0–99 |
| South Africa | Joseph et al. | 2013–2014 | Survey | Subnational Cape Town |
Prospective population-based | 147 | 75.6 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |
| Phillips et al. | 2013–2014 | Survey | Subnational Cape Town |
Prospective population-based | 160 | 61.1 | No | Yes | 18–99 | ||
| Pefile et al. | 2009–2015 | Survey | Subnational KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape provinces |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
84 | 55.19 | No | Yes | 16–99 | ||
| Tanzania | Moshi et al. | 2010–2014 | Survey | Subnational Kilimanjaro rural region, north-east Tanzania |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
218 | 26 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |
| AMR A | Canada | Thompson et al. | 2000 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 46 | 10.6 | No | No | 0–99 |
| 2001 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 54 | 12.4 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2002 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 61 | 13.9 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2003 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 53 | 12 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2004 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 100 | 22.5 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2005 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 101 | 22.6 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2006 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 79 | 17.6 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2007 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 93 | 20.5 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2008 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 81 | 17.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2009 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 80 | 17.3 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 83 | 17.8 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2000–2010 | Registry | Subnational Québec |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 831 | 16.8 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| Lenehan et al | 1995 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
102 | 45.6 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| 1996 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
106 | 46 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 1997 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
97 | 43.1 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 1998 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
102 | 42.3 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 1999 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
77 | 32.7 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2000 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
103 | 43.8 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2001 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
83 | 37.4 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2002 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
85 | 36.3 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2003 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
87 | 35.4 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2004 | Registry and Survey | Subnational British Columbia |
Prospective Population-based |
88 | 37 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| US | Selvarajah et al. | 2007 | Registry | NationalUSA | ProspectiveOther | 13,169 | 57 | No | No | 18–109 | |
| 2008 | Registry | National USA |
Prospective Other |
14,207 | 58.4 | No | No | 18–109 | |||
| 2009 | Registry | National USA |
Prospective Other |
12,526 | 56.4 | No | No | 18–109 | |||
| 2007–2009 | Registry | National USA |
Prospective Other |
43137 | 56.4 | No | No | 18–109 | |||
| Jain et al. | 1993 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2659 | 53.1 | No | No | 0–99 | ||
| 1994 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2680 | 53.58 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 1995 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3112 | 54.94 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 1996 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2983 | 52.87 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 1997 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3048 | 48.07 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 1998 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2848 | 53.63 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 1999 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2946 | 51.65 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2000 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2849 | 47.77 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2001 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
2611 | 45.06 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2002 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3025 | 48.97 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2003 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3180 | 51.02 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2004 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3993 | 63.86 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2005 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3021 | 47.78 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2006 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3453 | 54.57 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2007 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3357 | 53.66 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2008 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3274 | 50.4 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2009 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3217 | 50.18 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
4106 | 64.3 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2011 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3354 | 50.15 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2012 | Registry | National USA |
Retrospective Population-based |
3393 | 54.04 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| Selassie et al. | 1998 | Registry | Subnational South Carolina |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
N/A | 66.9 | No | No | 22–99 | ||
| 2012 | Registry | Subnational South Carolina |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
N/A | 111.7 | No | No | 22–99 | |||
| 1998–2012 | Registry | Subnational South Carolina |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
3365 | 70.8 | No | No | 22–99 | |||
| EMR B | Iran | Sharif-Alhoseini and Rahimi-Movaghar | 2010–2011 | Survey | Subnational Tehran |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
138 | 10.5 | No | No | 0–99 |
| EMR D | Pakistan | Bilal and Mujeeb-Ur-Rahman | 2008 | Survey | Subnational Khyber Pukhtunkhwa |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
242 | 11 | No | No | 0–99 |
| 2009 | Survey | Subnational Khyber Pukhtunkhwa |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
208 | 9.45 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010 | Survey | Subnational Khyber Pukhtunkhwa |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
234 | 10.63 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2011 | Survey | Subnational Khyber Pukhtunkhwa |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
228 | 10.36 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2012 | Survey | Subnational Khyber Pukhtunkhwa |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
224 | 10.18 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2008–2012 | Survey | Subnational Khyber Pukhtunkhwa |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
1136 | 10.23 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| EUR A | Austria | Majdan et al. | 2002 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 15.96 | Yes | No | 0–99 |
| 2003 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 16.26 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2004 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 14.07 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2005 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 16.05 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2006 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 12.57 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2007 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 15.07 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2008 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 20.79 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2009 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 19.66 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 19.02 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2011 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 18.12 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2012 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | N/A | 18.75 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2002–2012 | Registry | National Austria |
Retrospective Population-based | 1543 | 16.96 | Yes | No | 0–99 | |||
| Czech republic | Kriz et al. | 2006–2015 | Survey | National Czech republic |
Prospective Population-based |
1736 | 16.5 | No | No | 0–99 | |
| Denmark | NOE et al. | 1990–1994 | Survey | Subnational Western Denmark |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based | 153 | 10.7 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |
| 1995–1999 | Survey | Subnational Western Denmark |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based | 129 | 8.7 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2000–2004 | Survey | Subnational Western Denmark |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based | 174 | 11.8 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2005–2009 | Survey | Subnational Western Denmark |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based | 159 | 10.6 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2010–2012 | Survey | Subnational Western Denmark |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based | 76 | 8.3 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 1990–2012 | Survey | Subnational Western Denmark |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based | 691 | 10.2 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| Finland | Koskinen et al. | 2012–2013 | Survey | Subnational Oulu and Tampere |
Prospective Population-based |
77 | 25.1 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |
| Niemi-Nikkola et al. | 2007–2012 | Survey | Subnational Oulu |
Retrospective Hospital-based | 101 | 36.4 | No | Yes | 0–99 | ||
| Ireland | Smith et al. | 2010 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
57 | 12.5 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |
| 2011 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
56 | 12.2 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2012 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
60 | 13.1 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2013 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
61 | 13.3 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2014 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
53 | 11.5 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2015 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
60 | 12.9 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2010–2015 | Survey | National Ireland |
Retrospective Population-based |
347 | 12.6 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| Smith et al. | 2016 | Survey | National Ireland |
Prospective Population-based |
61 | 12.8 | No | Yes | 0–99 | ||
| Italy | Ferro et al. | 2013–2014 | Survey | National Italy |
Prospective Population-based |
445 | 14.7 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |
| Speziali et al. | 2013 | Survey | Subnational Umbria |
Prospective Hospital-based |
19 | 21.4 | Not available | Not available | 0–99 | ||
| Netherlands | Nijendijk et al. | 2010 | Registry | National Netherlands |
Retrospective Other |
185 | 14 | No | No | 0–99 | |
| Norway | Sabre et al. | 1997–2001 | Survey | Subnational Western Norway |
Retrospective Population-based |
71 | 24.9 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |
| Halvorsen et al. | 2012 | Registry | National Norway |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
57 | 11.4 | No | Yes | 0–99 | ||
| 2013 | Registry | National Norway |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
60 | 11.9 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2014 | Registry | National Norway |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
81 | 15.9 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2015 | Registry | National Norway |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
76 | 14.7 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2016 | Registry | National Norway |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
75 | 14.4 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| 2012–2016 | Registry | National Norway |
Cross-sectional Population-based |
349 | 13.6 | No | Yes | 0–99 | |||
| United Kingdome | McCaughey et al. | 1994–1998 | Survey | Subnational Scotland |
Retrospective Other |
N/A | 13.3 | No | Yes | 12–99 | |
| 1999–2003 | Survey | Subnational Scotland |
Retrospective Other |
N/A | 15.9 | No | Yes | 12–99 | |||
| 2004–2008 | Survey | Subnational Scotland |
Retrospective Other |
N/A | 17.5 | No | Yes | 12–99 | |||
| 2009–2013 | Survey | Subnational Scotland |
Retropective Other |
N/A | 17 | No | Yes | 12–99 | |||
| 1994–2013 | Survey | Subnational Scotland |
Retrospective Other |
1638 | 15.9 | No | Yes | 12–99 | |||
| Spain | Montoto-Marqués et al. | 1995–2014 | Survey | Subnational Galicia |
Ambispective Hospital-based |
1195 | 21.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |
| 1995–1999 | Survey | Subnational Galicia |
Ambispective Hospital-based |
335 | 23.4 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2000–2004 | Survey | Subnational Galicia |
Ambispective Hospital-based |
292 | 19.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2005–2009 | Survey | Subnational Galicia |
Ambispective Hospital-based |
289 | 20.9 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010–2014 | Survey | Subnational Galicia |
Ambispective Hospital-based |
279 | 16.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| Bárbara-Bataller et al. | 2000–2005 | Survey | Subnational Gran Canaria Islands |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
66 | 17.8 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| 2006–2010 | Survey | Subnational Gran Canaria Islands |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
41 | 9.7 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2011–2014 | Survey | Subnational Gran Canaria Islands |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
34 | 9.9 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2000–2014 | Survey | Subnational Gran Canaria Islands |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
141 | 12 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| Bárbara-Bataller et al. | 2001–2005 | Survey | Subnational Canarias region |
Prospective Hospital-based |
116 | 13 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| 2006–2010 | Survey | Subnational Canarias region |
Prospective Hospital-based |
76 | 7.5 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2011–2015 | Survey | Subnational Canarias region |
Prospective Hospital-based |
90 | 8.5 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| 2001–2015 | Survey | Subnational Canarias region |
Prospective Hospital-based |
282 | 9.3 | No | No | 15–99 | |||
| Sebastia-Alcacer et al. | 2001 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
31 | 6 | No | No | 0–99 | ||
| 2002 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
29 | 5.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2003 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
30 | 5.8 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2004 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
19 | 3.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2005 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
38 | 7.4 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2006 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
17 | 3.3 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2007 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
31 | 6 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2008 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
23 | 4.5 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2009 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
19 | 3.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
24 | 4.7 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2001–2010 | Survey | Subnational Valenciana |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
261 | 5.1 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| Sweden | Joseph et al. | 2014–2015 | Registry | Subnational greater Stockholm | Prospective Population-based |
45 | 19 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |
| Switzerland | Chamberlain et al. | 2005–2012 | Registry | National Switzerland |
Retrospective Population-based |
932 | 18 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |
| Chamberlain et al. | 2012–2013 | different data sources Registry | National Switzerland |
Retrospective Other |
Ranges from 231 to 621 based on case identification strategy | Ranges from 19.9 to 54.3 | No | Yes | 16–99 | ||
| EUR B | Poland | Tederko et al. | 2005–2008 | Survey | Subnational Lubuskie |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
343 | 14.5 | Not available | Not available | 0–99 |
| EUR C | Estonia | Sabre et al. | 1997–2001 | Survey | National Estonia |
Retrospective Population-based |
244 | 37.4 | No | Yes | 0–99 |
| Sabre et al. | 1997–2007 | Survey | National Estonia |
Retrospective Population-based |
595 | 39.4 | No | Yes | 0–99 | ||
| Sabre et al. | 2005–2007 | Survey | National Estonia |
Retrospective Population-based |
183 without PHM 391 with PHM |
43.8 without PHM 93.9 With PHM |
Yes | No | 0–99 | ||
| Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | Jakimovska et al. | 2015–2016 | Survey | National Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
Prospective Hospital-based |
38 | 13 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |
| Iceland | Kristinsdóttir et al. | 2010–2014 | Survey | National Iceland |
Retrospective Population-based |
26 | 16 | No | Yes | 4–99 | |
| Lithuania | Juocevicius et al. | 2015 | Survey | National Lithuania |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
NA | 24 | No | No | 18–99 | |
| Latvia | Nulle et al. | 2011 | Survey | National Latvia |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
42 | 21 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |
| 2012 | Survey | National Latvia |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
31 | 15.5 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2013 | Survey | National Latvia |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
21 | 10.5 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2014 | Survey | National Latvia |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
40 | 20 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2011–2014 | Survey | National Latvia |
Retrospective Rehabilitation-based |
134 | 16.75 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| Russia | Mirzaeva et al. | 2012 | Survey | Subnational Saint Petersburg |
Retrospective Population-based |
53 | 12.4 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |
| 2013 | Survey | Subnational Saint Petersburg |
Retrospective Population-based |
91 | 21.2 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |||
| 2014 | Survey | Subnational Saint Petersburg |
Retrospective Population-based |
79 | 18 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |||
| 2015 | Survey | Subnational Saint Petersburg |
Retrospective Population-based |
78 | 17.7 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |||
| 2016 | Survey | Subnational Saint Petersburg |
Retrospective Population-based |
60 | 13.6 | No | Yes | 18–99 | |||
| Lobzin et al. | 2012–2016 | Survey | Subnational Saint Petersburg |
Retrospective Population-based |
361 | 16.6 | No | Yes | 18–99 | ||
| WPR A | Australia | New et al. | 2011 | Survey and registry data | National Australia |
Retrospective Other |
470 or 721 based on case identification criteria | 21 or 32.3 | No | No | 0–99 |
| Moorin et al. | 2003–2008 | Registry | Subnational Western Australia |
Retrospective Population-based |
335 | 33 | No | No | 0–99 | ||
| Beck et al. | 2007–2016 | Registry | Subnational Victoria |
Retrospective Population-based |
706 | 12.5 | No | No | 0–99 | ||
| Tovell & Harrison et al. | 2008 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
263 | 14 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell & Harrison et al. | 2009 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
227 | 12.3 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell & Harrison et al. | 2010 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
269 | 14.3 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell et al. | 2011 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
220 | 10.9 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell et al. | 2012 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
241 | 12.2 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell et al. | 2013 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
236 | 11.8 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell et al. | 2014 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
264 | 12.8 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell et al. | 2015 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
253 | 12.1 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Tovell et al. | 2016 | Registry | National Australia |
Prospective Population-based |
227 | 11.1 | No | No | 15–99 | ||
| Japan | Katoh et al. | 2011 | Survey | Subnational Tokushima |
Retrospective Population-based |
95 | 121.4 | No | No | 16–99 | |
| 2012 | Survey | Subnational Tokushima |
Retrospective Population-based |
91 | 117.1 | No | No | 16–99 | |||
| Kudo et al. | 2012 | Survey | Subnational Akita |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
111 | 104 | No | No | 0–99 | ||
| 2013 | Survey | Subnational Akita |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
90 | 86 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2014 | Survey | Subnational Akita |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
89 | 86 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2015 | Survey | Subnational Akita |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
72 | 70 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2016 | Survey | Subnational Akita |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
87 | 86 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2012–2016 | Survey | Subnational Akita |
Retrospective Hospital-based |
449 | 86 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| New Zealand | Mitchell et al. | 2007 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
72 | 17.88 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |
| 2008 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
81 | 20.11 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2009 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
91 | 22.59 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2010 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
89 | 20.98 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2011 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
92 | 21.69 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2012 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
73 | 17.21 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2013 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
99 | 23.34 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2014 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
91 | 21.45 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2015 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
126 | 29.70 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2016 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
115 | 27.11 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| 2007–2016 | Registry | National New Zealand |
Ambispective Population-based |
929 | 22 | No | Yes | 16–99 | |||
| WPR B | South Korea | Choi et al. | 2007 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1156 | 25.07 | No | No | 0–99 |
| 2008 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
905 | 25.33 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2009 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
967 | 25.6 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2010 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1101 | 25.86 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2011 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1061 | 26.13 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2012 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1004 | 26.4 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2013 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1104 | 26.68 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2014 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1231 | 26.95 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2015 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1164 | 27.23 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2016 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1285 | 27.52 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2017 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
1159 | 27.8 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| 2007–2017 | Registry | National South Korea |
Retrospective Population-based |
12,137 | 26.4 | No | No | 0–99 | |||
| N/A | Taiwan | Wu et al. | 1998–2008 | Registry | National Taiwan |
Prospective Population-based |
25,439 | 150.48 | No | No | 20–99 |
∗ ISCoS: International Spinal Cord Society.