Table 3.

Social determinants of health associated with admission to ICU versus medical ward. Logistic regression findings for our key associations for patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit rather than admitted to the medical ward.

	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P value	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P value
Nonwhite race (reference: white race)	1.4 (1.0, 1.9)	.10	1.0 (0.4, 2.2)	.99
ADI (per unit in the score)	1.1 (1.0, 1.2)	.04	1.0 (0.8, 1.1)	.58
Non-English primary language (reference: English)	1.7 (1.2, 2.6)	.01	2.6 (1.2, 5.7)	.02
Homelessness (reference: domiciled)	0.3 (0.1, 1.1)	.06	1.0 (0.1, 9.8)	.98
Illicit drug use (reference: no illicit drug use)	0.5 (0.2, 1.2)	.11	0.7 (0.2, 3.6)	.71

The regression model controlled for age, sex, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine kinase (CK), D-dimer, troponin, ferritin, oxygen requirement on hospital admission, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30mg/kg², timing of admission; Illicit drug use included opiates, cocaine, methamphetamine use.

ADI = area deprivation index, CI = confidence interval, ICU = intensive care unit.