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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 9.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Neurosci. 2023 Jan 10;5:100062. doi: 10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100062

Fig. 4. MC-25–41 and gp120 independently alter NAc core cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor expression in cocaine-seeking rats.

Fig. 4.

(A-I) Rats that had self-administered cocaine received daily i.c.v. microinfusions of gp120 for the first 5 (out of 21) days of abstinence prior to a cue-induced cocaine seeking test and were sacrificed for NAc core tissue collection immediately after testing. Two-way ANOVAs revealed a significant main effect of gp120 exposure history on eotaxin, IFNγ, IL-13, LIX/CXCL5, MIP-2/CXCL2, and IL-6 expression, where gp120 increased the overall expression of these markers regardless of MC-25–41 treatment (∗p < 0.05). GM-CSF also demonstrated a trend towards increased expression due of gp120 exposure history regardless of MC-25–41 treatment (#p < 0.10). There was also a significant main effect of MC-25–41 treatment on IL-4, VEGF, GM-CSF, and IL-6 expression (∗p < 0.05) and a trend toward an effect on LIX/CXCL5 and MIP-2/CXCL2 (#p < 0.10), where MC-25–41 treatment decreased the overall expression of these markers regardless of gp120 exposure history. Notably, no significant interactions were detected, indicating that MC-25–41 did not significantly attenuate any gp120-induced increases in immune factor expression back down to unexposed levels. Error bars = SEM; n = 6–7/group.