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. 2023 Feb 23;14:1016872. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1016872

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Copyright © 2023 Cai, Lin, Li, Liu, Feng, Zhang, Zhang, Huang and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Differences in the intestinal microbiota composition and diversity in the non-DS and DS groups. 16S rRNA sequencing data was used to assemble operational taxonomic units (OTUs). (A) PCA plot of intestinal flora. (B) Venn diagram of intestinal microbiota. (C) Analyses of intestinal flora based on OTUs. (D–G) Alpha diversity was used to assess the flora diversity and distribution, including the Chao1 index (D), observed species index (E), Shannon index (F), and Simpson index (G). **A significant difference (p < 0.01) in the observes species of intestinal microbiota was seen in individuals with DS and non-DS volunteers. HC, non-DS volunteers (or non-DS group); DS, individuals with DS (or DS group).