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. 2020 Nov 11;93:102759. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102759

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and t-tests.

Variable Section A: Descriptive statistics
Section B: t-tests
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Descriptive statistics [N = 6080]
Treat_CSR = 0 [N = 1976]
Treat_CSR  = 1 [N = 4104]
t-tests
Mean Std. Dev. min p25 median p75 max Mean Std. Dev. Mean Std. Dev. difference
Cdindex 222.723 138.960 .000 137.000 195.000 294.000 629.000 17.630 136.7756 247.806 132.9226 −77.176***
Treat_CSR .675 .468 .000 .000 1.000 1.000 1.000 .000 .000
Post_CSR .384 .486 .000 .000 .000 1.000 1.000 .000 .000 .569 .000 −.569***
Treat_com .475 .499 .000 .000 .000 1.000 1.000 .000 .000 .704 1.000 −.704***
Post_com .250 .433 .000 .000 .000 .500 1.000 .000 .000 .370 .000 −.370***
Treat_emp .325 .468 .000 .000 .000 1.000 1.000 .000 .000 .481 .000 −.481***
Post_emp .185 .388 .000 .000 .000 .000 1.000 .000 .000 .274 .000 −.274***
Treat_cus .475 .499 .000 .000 .000 1.000 1.000 .000 .000 .704 1.000 −.704***
Post_cus .270 .444 .000 .000 .000 1.000 1.000 .000 .000 .400 .000 −.400***
Growth .019 .145 −.325 −.081 .024 .143 .290 .009 .164 .023 .134 −.014***
Roa −.009 .140 −.507 .006 .023 .059 .176 −.051 .178 .011 .112 −.063***
Loss .200 .400 .000 .000 .000 .000 1.000 .308 .462 .148 .355 .160***
Size 21.816 1.429 18.276 21.045 21.789 22.602 24.384 21.470 1.712 21.980 1.236 −.517***
Lev .387 .210 .059 .195 .412 .594 .899 .315 .331 .422 .438 −.107***
Stkhd 10.296 .660 8.149 9.906 10.439 10.692 11.443 10.513 .554 10.192 .682 .321***
Board 8.850 2.140 5.000 7.500 9.000 10.500 15.000 8.462 1.95 9.037 2.20 −.575***

Note: ***, ** and * represent the 1%, 5% and 10 % levels of significance, respectively.