Table 1.
Profiles of the respondents (N = 758).
| Variable | Category | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | Female | 36.0 |
| Male | 63.7 | |
| Others | 0.3 | |
| Age | 20 s | 28.1 |
| 30 s | 43.7 | |
| 40 s | 20.4 | |
| 50 s or older | 7.8 | |
| Position level | Entry-level | 25.6 |
| Supervisory-level | 39.3 | |
| Managerial-level | 32.8 | |
| Executive-level | 2.3 | |
| Educational level | High school or less | 4.7 |
| Post-secondary school /Associate Degree/ Diploma (etc…) | 9.4 | |
| University degree | 60.6 | |
| Master degree and above | 25.3 | |
| Hotel type | Independent privately owned hotel | 55.1 |
| Chained-brand hotel | 44.3 | |
| Others | 0.6 | |
| Working department | Front of house | 68.0 |
| Back of house | 31.3 | |
| Others | 0.7 | |
| Years of experience in hotel industry | Less than 4 years | 25.3 |
| 4–9 years | 51.1 | |
| Longer than 9 years | 23.6 | |
| Hotels’ room occupancy rate | Before the COVID-19 outbreak | 71.3 |
| After the COVID-19 outbreak | 40.4 | |
| Location of working hotel | Texas | 12.0 |
| New York | 11.5 | |
| California | 11.3 | |
| Florida | 6.2 | |
| Pennsylvania | 4.4 | |
| Ohio | 2.9 | |
| Washington | 2.6 | |
| North Carolina | 2.1 | |
| Arizona | 2.0 | |
| Chicago | 2.0 | |
| Colorado | 2.0 | |
| Illinois | 2.0 | |
| New Jersey | 2.0 | |
| Massachusetts | 1.7 | |
| Michigan | 1.7 | |
| Virginia | 1.7 | |
| Others | 31.9 |