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. 2023 Jan 24;11(3):e385–e413. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00007-4

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Development assistance for pandemic preparedness and COVID-19, 1995–2026

Projected future pandemic preparedness needs come from the report Financing the Global Commons for Pandemic Preparedness and Response.10 Spending reported in 2021 inflation-adjusted US$. DAH=development assistance for health. HLIP=High-Level Independent Panel. LMIC=low-income or middle-income country.