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. 2023 Mar 10;14:1307. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37020-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a–c Representative images from 3 independent experiments. Agarose gel electrophoresis of mRNA synthesis and modified (a), urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of circular RNA staples (5 bs) synthesize (b), and formation of Smad4 mRNA nano-lantern (c). (d) Possible structures of the Smad4 mRNA nano-lantern with different binding sites. (e) Representative AFM imaging of naked Smad4 mRNA and different forms of mRNA nano-lantern (with 3, 5, and 7 binding sites) from 3 independent experiments, Scale bar: 0.2 μm. (f) Diameter of different forms of mRNA nano-lantern. Panel (c–e) created with BioRender.com. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.