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. 2023 Mar 9;13:3933. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30922-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Sinomenine reduced ankle joint swelling and arthritis scores in AA mice. (A) Schematic diagram of the animal experiment. (B) Representative pictures of the hind paws of the mice on Day 33. The left hind paws are indicated by black arrows. (C) The diameter of the ankle joint was measured every three days. The data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 10). (D) The severity of arthritis was scored 0–4. The data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 10). (E) The bodyweight of the mice was monitored. The data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 10). Control, AA, AA + SIN and AA + MTX indicate the control group, the AA model group, the Sinomenine treatment group and the methotrexate treatment group, respectively. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.