TABLE 2.
Some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate tumor cell stemness in gastric cancer (GC) under the influence of radiotherapy.
| NcRNA | Model study | Expression | Target gene/pathway | Type of ncRNA | Biological function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-375 | In vivo and in vitro | Down | SLC7A11 | Tumor suppressor | Inhibits the stemness and can induce ferroptosis of GC cells | Ni et al. (2021) |
| miR-18 | In vitro | Up | Meis2 and HMGB3 | Oncogene | Promotes the stemness of GC cells | Zhang et al. (2022) |
| miR-216a-3p | In vitro | Down | BRD4/Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Tumor suppressor | Promotes the stemness of GC cells | Song et al. (2019) |
| lncRNA PTCSC3 | In vitro | Down | PTCSC3 | Tumor suppressor | Inhibits the stemness and GC cells proliferation | Hong et al. (2019) |
| lncRNA THOR | In vitro | Down | SOX9 | Tumor suppressor | Inhibits the stemness | Song et al. (2018) |
| lncRNA LOXL1-AS1 | In vitro | Up | miR‐708‐5p and USF1 | Oncogene | Promotes the stemness and contributes to GC cells proliferation, migration and EMT. Reflects poor prognosis | Sun et al. (2019) |
| lncRNA LINC00332 | In silico, in vitro and bioinformatics | Down | MMP-13 | Tumor suppressor | Inhibits the stemness and proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells | Taghehchian et al. (2022) |
| circ-NOTCH1 | In vivo and in vitro | Up | miR-449c-5p/MYC/NOTCH1 axis | Oncogene | Promotes metastasis and stemness in GC | Zhao et al. (2020) |
| circRPPH1 | In vitro | Up | SLC7A11 | Oncogene | Promotes the stemness and can regulate ferroptosis of GC cells | Liu et al. (2023) |
| circ0007360 | In vivo and in vitro | Up | miR-762/IRF7 axis | Tumor suppressor | Inhibitory effects of circ0007260 on the survival, migration, invasion, and stemness of GC cells | Xing et al. (2022) |
Abbreviations: PTCSC3, Papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility candidate three; LOXL1-AS1, LOXL1 Antisense RNA, one; LINC00332, Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, 332; SLC7A11, Meis2, Meis homeobox two; HMGB3, High-mobility group protein B3; BRD4, Bromodomain-containing protein 4; PTCSC3, Papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility candidate three; SOX9, SRY-Box transcription factor 9; USF1, Upstream stimulatory factor 1; MMP-13, Matrix metalloproteinase 13; NOTCH1, Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein one; SLC7A11, Solute carrier family 7, membrane 11; IRF7, Interferon regulatory factor 7; EMT, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition.