Table 2.
Model results examining the relationship between different type of green space (GS) users and stress, anxiety, depression, and wellbeing adjusted for socio-demographic factors.
| STRESS | est | SE | p | ANXIETY | est | SE | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Intercept) | 2.790 | 0.179 | <0.001 | 2.887 | 0.234 | <0.001 | |
| Freq (f-HL) | 0.099 | 0.074 | 0.181 | 0.134 | 0.099 | 0.177 | |
| Freq (f-LH) | 0.163 | 0.079 | 0.039 | 0.209 | 0.107 | 0.050 | |
| Freq (f-LL) | 0.303 | 0.076 | <0.001 | 0.456 | 0.098 | <0.001 | |
| Duration (d-HL) | 0.032 | 0.070 | 0.645 | 0.094 | 0.092 | 0.311 | |
| Duration (d-LH) | −0.247 | 0.097 | 0.011 | −0.400 | 0.132 | 0.002 | |
| Duration (d-LL) | −0.174 | 0.079 | 0.029 | −0.274 | 0.105 | 0.009 | |
| NRExp | 0.014 | 0.036 | 0.704 | −0.047 | 0.048 | 0.325 | |
| Age | −0.104 | 0.008 | <0.001 | −0.148 | 0.010 | <0.001 | |
| Gender (male) | −0.075 | 0.049 | 0.131 | −0.020 | 0.065 | 0.754 | |
| Income | −0.018 | 0.009 | 0.052 | −0.037 | 0.012 | 0.002 | |
| City (Sydney) | 0.164 | 0.049 | 0.001 | 0.359 | 0.066 | <0.001 | |
| Education | −0.008 | 0.010 | 0.451 | −0.022 | 0.013 | 0.094 | |
| DEPRESSION | est | SE | p | PWI | est | SE | p |
| (Intercept) | 2.822 | 0.222 | <0.001 | 38.086 | 1.859 | <0.001 | |
| Freq (f-HL) | 0.174 | 0.092 | 0.058 | −0.692 | 0.739 | 0.349 | |
| Freq (f-LH) | 0.271 | 0.098 | 0.006 | −2.157 | 0.786 | 0.006 | |
| Freq (f-LL) | 0.384 | 0.094 | <0.001 | −2.311 | 0.796 | 0.004 | |
| Duration (d-HL) | 0.251 | 0.090 | 0.006 | −0.899 | 0.709 | 0.205 | |
| Duration (d-LH) | −0.178 | 0.126 | 0.157 | −0.337 | 0.961 | 0.726 | |
| Duration (d-LL) | −0.030 | 0.102 | 0.770 | −0.700 | 0.805 | 0.385 | |
| NRExp | −0.023 | 0.044 | 0.601 | 1.720 | 0.359 | <0.001 | |
| Age | −0.101 | 0.009 | <0.001 | 0.500 | 0.077 | <0.001 | |
| Gender (male) | −0.028 | 0.061 | 0.652 | −0.135 | 0.504 | 0.789 | |
| Income | −0.057 | 0.011 | <0.001 | 0.670 | 0.097 | <0.001 | |
| City (Sydney) | 0.213 | 0.061 | <0.001 | −0.806 | 0.498 | 0.106 | |
| Education | −0.014 | 0.012 | 0.259 | 0.147 | 0.101 | 0.147 |
We ran three generalised linear models for stress, anxiety, and depression with quasi-Poisson error structure to account for overdispersion with stress, anxiety, and depression as the response variables for each of the models. We ran a linear regression model for personal wellbeing index, and the explanatory variables and covariates are the same as those in the generalised linear models.
Freq = frequency of green spaces visits over a year. Duration = duration of green space visits last week.
HH high yard/high GS, HL high yard/low GS, LH low yard/high GS, LL low yard/low GS use, Est estimate, SE standard error, p p value.