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. 2023 Jan 9;123(5):2016–2048. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00477

Figure 19.

Figure 19

Flocculation behavior of poly(4-vinylpyridine)-modified CNCs at pH 10 immediately after pH adjustment, after 1 h and 24 h. Concentrations are as follows: (a) 0.250, (b) 0.150, (c) 0.050, (d) 0.025, (e) 0.013, (f) 0.006, and (g) 0.004 wt %. Reproduced with permission from ref (236). Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society. (b) Cryo-TEM images (insets) of temperature response behavior (below and above 20 °C) of CNCs modified with elastin-like polypeptides. Reproduced with permission from ref (237). Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society. (c) Scanning electron micrographs (inset) of nanocellulose aerogel before and after grafting of poly(methacrylic acid-co-maleic acid). Reproduced with permission from ref (238). Copyright 2015 Elsevier Ltd. (d) SEM images of the top views of an electrospun PAN nanofiber scaffold (a) and the scaffold with thiol-modified CNF (0.03 wt %). The effect of pH on adsorption of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) by unmodified electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane, unmodified CNF membrane, and PAN membrane with thiol-functionalized CNF. Reproduced with permission from ref (239). Copyright 2015 Elsevier Ltd. (e) Chemical routes for the grafting of triazole molecule on reducing end of CNCs to generate thiol-modified CNCs. Reproduced with permission from ref (240). Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society.