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. 2023 Feb 27;123(5):2436–2608. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00799

Figure 22.

Figure 22

Rebound effect in terms of the over-proportional use of metals (produced with the current CO2 footprint) for realizing sustainable technologies. (a) Specific example of material usage for a 3 MW wind power plant. (b) Use of critical elements (with high CO2 footprint) required for manufacturing and erecting various types of sustainable technologies.