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. 2023 Feb 27;123(5):2436–2608. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00799

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© 2023 The Author. Published by American Chemical Society

Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Regions of origin for the production of the main materials (lithium, nickel, graphite, manganese, cobalt) used in lithium-ion batteries.¹³⁷ The figure is reproduced with permission from ref (137). Copyright 2019, Elsevier.