Table 2.
Sample characteristics before and after PSM for WeChat users and non-WeChat users
| Variable | Before PSM (N = 15,428) | After PSM (N = 4545) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WeChat user (N = 2179) | Non-WeChat user (N = 13,249) | P value | WeChat user (N = 1906) | Non-WeChat user (N = 2639) | P value | |
| Depressive symptom | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| CES-D < 10 | 1680 (77.1) | 8077 (61.0) | 1455 (76.3) | 1814 (68.7) | ||
| CES-D > =10 | 499 (22.9) | 5172 (39.0) | 451 (23.7) | 825 (31.3) | ||
| Levels of depression | 6.3 ± 0.1 | 8.8 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 | 6.4 ± 0.1 | 7.5 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 |
| Age | 55.3 ± 7.2 | 61.8 ± 9.3 | < 0.001 | 55.7 ± 7.4 | 56.2 ± 7.3 | 0.033 |
| Gender | < 0.001 | 0.558 | ||||
| Female | 985 (45.2) | 6887 (52.0) | 868 (45.5) | 1225 (46.4) | ||
| Male | 1194 (54.8) | 6362 (48.0) | 1038 (54.5) | 1414 (53.6) | ||
| Marital status | < 0.001 | 0.444 | ||||
| Unmarried | 158 (7.3) | 1754 (13.2) | 139 (7.3) | 177 (6.7) | ||
| Married | 2021 (92.7) | 11,495 (86.8) | 1767 (92.7) | 2462 (93.3) | ||
| Residence | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Rural | 937 (43.0) | 9965 (75.2) | 906 (47.5) | 1450 (54.9) | ||
| Urban | 1242 (57.0) | 3284 (24.8) | 1000 (52.5) | 1189 (45.1) | ||
| Education | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| No formal education | 33 (1.5) | 2772 (20.9) | 33 (1.7) | 72 (2.7) | ||
| Elementary school | 506 (23.2) | 6277 (47.4) | 499 (26.2) | 847 (32.1) | ||
| Middle school | 775 (35.6) | 2926 (22.1) | 736 (38.6) | 997 (37.8) | ||
| High school | 657 (30.2) | 1138 (8.6) | 516 (27.1) | 623 (23.6) | ||
| College or above | 208 (9.5) | 136 (1.0) | 122 (6.4) | 100 (3.8) | ||
| Sleep time | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 0.678 |
| Self-reported health | < 0.001 | 0.049 | ||||
| Very poor | 53 (2.4) | 813 (5.8) | 51 (2.7) | 91 (3.4) | ||
| Poor | 206 (9.5) | 2688 (20.3) | 200 (10.5) | 328 (12.4) | ||
| Fair | 1103 (50.6) | 6580 (49.7) | 986 (51.7) | 1347 (51.0) | ||
| Good | 446 (20.5) | 1564 (11.8) | 357 (18.7) | 431 (16.3) | ||
| Very good | 371 (17.0) | 1604 (12.1) | 312 (16.4) | 442 (16.7) | ||
| ADL | < 0.001 | 0.844 | ||||
| No impaired | 2143 (98.3) | 12,395 (93.6) | 1870 (98.1) | 2587 (98.0) | ||
| Impaired | 36 (1.7) | 854 (6.4) | 36 (1.9) | 52 (2.0) | ||
| Smoke status | 0.235 | 0.501 | ||||
| Still have | 643 (29.5) | 3676 (27.7) | 563 (29.5) | 792 (30.0) | ||
| Quit | 309 (14.2) | 1917 (14.5) | 273 (14.3) | 346 (13.1) | ||
| No | 1227 (56.3) | 7656 (57.8) | 1070 (56.1) | 1501 (56.9) | ||
| Drink status | < 0.001 | 0.042 | ||||
| No | 1043 (47.9) | 8845 (66.8) | 966 (50.7) | 1418 (53.7) | ||
| Yes | 1136 (52.1) | 4404 (33.2) | 940 (49.3) | 1221 (46.3) | ||
| Employment | < 0.001 | 0.418 | ||||
| No | 629 (28.9) | 4431 (33.4) | 570 (29.9) | 760 (28.8) | ||
| Yes | 1550 (71.1) | 8818 (66.6) | 1336 (70.1) | 1879 (71.2) | ||
| Pension insurance | < 0.001 | 0.602 | ||||
| No | 164 (7.5) | 1397 (10.5) | 150 (7.9) | 219 (8.3) | ||
| Yes | 2015 (92.5) | 11,852 (89.5) | 1756 (92.1) | 2420 (91.7) | ||
| Medical insurance | 0.033 | 0.739 | ||||
| No | 41 (1.9) | 352 (2.6) | 41 (2.2) | 53 (2.0) | ||
| Yes | 2138 (98.1) | 12,897 (97.3) | 1865 (97.8) | 2586 (98.0) | ||
| Chronic diseases | < 0.001 | 0.348 | ||||
| No | 597 (27.4) | 2645 (20.0) | 499 (26.2) | 702 (26.6) | ||
| One | 566 (26.0) | 3131 (23.6) | 492 (25.8) | 664 (25.2) | ||
| Two | 405 (18.6) | 2722 (20.5) | 357 (18.7) | 516 (19.6) | ||
| Three | 292 (13.4) | 1889 (14.3) | 261 (13.7) | 314 (11.9) | ||
| Four and more | 319 (14.6) | 2862 (21.6) | 297 (15.6) | 443 (16.8) | ||