FlemingAJWoodleyNormanSmithM. AlexHallwachsWinnieJanzenDaniel HRevision of Belvosia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) and 33 new species from Area de Conservación Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica with a key to known North and Mesoamerican speciesBiodivers Data J300620231110.3897/BDJ.11.e103667 0F9DDBE8-4ABD-5DF7-B6B9-7F3058C2A9FE Belvosia minorcarmonai CEF8FF8F-688F-4958-B695-8386D851CC29 Fleming & Woodleysp. nov.Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0001240; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs & Mariano Pereira; individualID: DHJPAR0001240; individualCount: 1; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: HCIC133-05, 00-SRNP-9033, BOLD:AAG2421; occurrenceID: DC307283-439C-5E74-BD5E-C5830322521A; Taxon: scientificName: Belvosiaminorcarmonai; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Belvosia; specificEpithet: minorcarmonai; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley, 2023; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Sector Cacao; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; verbatimLocality: Sendero Cima; verbatimElevation: 1460; verbatimLatitude: 10.9333; verbatimLongitude: -85.4573; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.9333; decimalLongitude: -85.4573; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Eupterotidae, Neopreptosmarathusa; verbatimEventDate: 18-Jun-2000; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0001241; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs & Mariano Pereira; individualID: DHJPAR0001241; individualCount: 1; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: HCIC141-05, 01-SRNP-6397, BOLD:AAG2421; occurrenceID: F5A0DC20-58FF-5B18-AB45-0D9A5BF333AB; Taxon: scientificName: Belvosiaminorcarmonai; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Belvosia; specificEpithet: minorcarmonai; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley, 2023; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Sector Cacao; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; verbatimLocality: Sendero Cima; verbatimElevation: 1460; verbatimLatitude: 10.9333; verbatimLongitude: -85.4573; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.9333; decimalLongitude: -85.4573; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Eupterotidae, Neopreptosmarathusa; verbatimEventDate: 25-Jun-2001; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen

Description

Male (Fig. 76), length: 12–13mm. Head: head wider than thorax; vertex 1/3 head width; gena 1/3 of head height, 1/2 of eye height. Fronto-orbital plate brassy gold tomentose throughout, darkening slightly apically in some cases appearing slightly glabrous apically, with 2–3 irregular rows of frontal setae, populated with short black hair-like setulae intermingled with setae; ocellar setae absent; 1 pair of slightly inwardly lateroclinate orbital setae present outside frontal row. Parafacial light yellow in ground color, densely covered in same brassy gold tomentum as on fronto-orbital plate, entire surface reflective and brilliant appearance; almost bare along parafacial outside facial ridge, with several black and reddish-yellow setulae intermingled with facial ridge setae and extending just below lowest frontal setae; facial ridge setose along 2/3 of its length; gena covered in yellow setulae. Antenna, pedicel darkened orange appearing dark brown or black, overall concolorous with postpedicel, covered in a brassy gold sheen; postpedicel dark brown almost black, 3–4X as long as pedicel; arista bare gradually tapering to a point at tip. Palps, orange throughout and densely covered in short black setulae; tapering to a sharp point apically, devoid of setulae apically. Vibrissa approximately 1 pedicel length from facial margin. Thorax: black ground color throughout, with brassy-gold tomentum throughout; scutellum ground color light brown almost yellow, distinctly lighter than scutum, under microscope bronze tomentum throughout becomes visible; scutum with five dorsal vittae, one outer pair, one inner pair, both broken at suture, and one dorsocentral vitta appearing postsuturally; lateral surface of thorax densely covered in long hair-like setulae, these setulae all reddish-yellow; chaetotaxy: 3 strong setae on postpronotum arranged in a line, acrostichal setae 3:4; dorsocentral setae 3:4; intra-alar setae 3:3; supra-alar setae 2:3; 4 katepisternal setae; scutellum, with 4–5 pairs of long marginal setae of subequal length; apical scutellar setae short erect, inserted slightly above plane of marginal setae; 1 complete row of scutellar discal setae just posterior to marginal setae. Wing: infuscate, slightly darkened yellow/orange at wing base, basicosta brilliant orange; both upper and lower calypters also infuscate concolorous with remainder of wing; wing vein R4+5 setose, bearing only 2–3 setulae at base; halteres orange stalk with dark black/brown capitulum. Legs: black overall, lightly covered in shimmering bronze tomentum, posterior margin of coxa on midleg and hindleg covered in yellow setulae; tarsal claws yellow-orange with black tips, with burnt umber pulvilli shorter than length of tarsal claws; anterodorsal row of setae on hind tibia irregular and not fringelike, with several longer stronger setae at least 2X as long as others. Abdomen: large and slightly flattened globose, black to dark burgundy ground color; tomentum absent from T1+2, light dusting of bronze tomentum on T3 with only very slight gold tomentum along anterior margin, dark bronze tomentum covering anterior 70-80% of surface of T4 , bisected medially by an area devoid of tomentum, subdued gold tomentose throughout T5 reaching to hind margin of tergite; ventral surfaces of T3–T5 extremely densely hirsute but with no distinct sex-patches present, with light gold tomentum throughout; middorsal depression on ST1+2 reaching to hind margin of tergite; ST1+2 with 3–4 pairs of median marginal setae, 3–4 pairs of median marginal setae present on T3, along with 3–4 pairs of lateral marginal setae, and complete rows of setae on T4 and T5.

Male terminalia (Fig. 77): sternite 5 with a deeply excavated wide median cleft along posterior edge, U-shaped, margins covered in dense tomentum; posterior lobes rounded apically, with a group of strong setulae surrounded by many shorter weaker setulae. Anterior plate of sternite 5 approximately 1/2 length of posterior lobes; unsclerotized "window" on anterior plate of sternite 5 elongate, translucent, rectangular, slight convex indentation at midline and slightly upturned at extremities. Cerci in posterior view triangular, equal to length of surstyli; pointed at apex, medially to fused along basal 1/2 of their length. Cerci in lateral view, inflated along basal 1/3rd, sharply tapered with a slight bend at apex, giving it a small nub; cerci setose along basal 2/3rds, underside of cerci setose along basal 2/3 of length. Surstylus in lateral view, pointed apically, leaf shaped slightly arcuate along inferior margin, and curved along superior margin; surstylus appearing not fused with epandrium; when viewed posteriorly surstyli straight not convergent. Pregonite broad, well-developed, apically rounded off, and blunt, devoid of setulae. Postgonite, narrow, 1/2 as wide as pregonite, blunt and round at apex, postgonite subequal in length to pregonite. Distiphallus broadly cone-shaped, with a slender median longitudinal sclerotized reinforcement on its posterior surface and a broad, sclerotized acrophallus, blunt and bulbous near apex, 1.5X length of basiphallus.

Female: unknown at this time.

Diagnosis

Belvosiaminorcarmonai sp. n. can be distinguished from all other Belvosia by the following combination of traits: yellow setulae below lowest frontal setae and gena, orange basicosta, ST1+2 with 2–4 pairs of median marginal setae, and complete rows of median marginal setae on T3–T5, and very light gold tomentum on T5.

Etymology

Belvosiaminorcarmonai sp. n, is named in honor of Sr. Minor Carmona in recognition of his decades of being part of the Parataxonomist Program of Area de Conservación Guanacaste (http://www.acguanacaste.ac.cr) in northwestern Costa Rica (Janzen and Hallwachs 2011). Interim species-specific name included in previously circulating databases and publications, Belvosia Woodley13.

Distribution

Costa Rica, ACG, Guanacaste Province, 1460m elevation.

Ecology

Belvosiaminorcarmonai sp. n. has been reared three times from one species of Lepidoptera in the family Eupterotidae, Neopreptosmarathusa (Druce, 1886) (N=3), in cloud forest.

Belvosiaminorcarmonai sp. n. habitus images a–d: male, holotype n. DHJPAR0001240

15299EDB-460A-5445-AD6A-5F4C8F78A19710.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure76a

dorsal view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/744106
8D42EF4D-4C9A-5699-BDA0-988D72DF773610.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure76b

frontal view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/744107
C458C09D-8DFE-560A-AEFC-6479B4F859F110.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure76c

three quarters view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/744105
C3DBDA81-6351-5D2E-B70B-5B795733421210.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure76d

lateral view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/744108

Belvosiaminorcarmonai sp. n. habitus images a–c: male, paratype n. DHJPAR0001241

980C6015-75C2-51D6-B0B0-4A58EB922CD110.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure77a

caudal view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/782243
5633DC73-DB6B-557B-B4E0-0DBB48846D1510.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure77b

lateral view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/782244
014EB76C-2203-5BBA-A22A-A5E27482F9D510.3897/BDJ.11.e103667.figure77c

sternite 5, ventral view

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/782245
JanzenDaniel H.HallwachsWinnie2011Joining inventory by parataxonomists with DNA barcoding of a large complex tropical conserved wildland in Northwestern Costa RicaPLOS One6810.1371/journal.pone.0018123