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Fig. 5. Identical ribotype patterns of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from cholera patients and environmental waters during an epidemic. Genomic DNA was digested with BglI and probed with a rRNA gene probe. Lanes 1–4, DNA from patient isolates; lanes 5–8, DNA from environmental isolates.

Fig. 6. Comparative restriction analysis of DNA of phage isolates from cholera stools and environmental water samples. Lanes 1 and 2, DNA of phage isolates from cholera stools; lanes 3–5, phage isolates from different environmental waters. Lane 7, 1-kb DNA ladder (Invitrogen) used as molecular size markers. The phage genome from different sources shows identical KpnI restriction patterns. The restriction pattern is characteristic of phage JSF-4 (shown in lane 6) (1).

1. Faruque, S. M., Naser, I. B. Islam, M. J., Faruque, A. S. G., Ghosh, A. N., Nair, G. B., Sack, D. A. & Mekalanos, J. J. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 1702–1707.