Deeleman-ReinholdChrista L.AddinkWouterMillerJeremy A.The genera Chrysillaand Phintelloidesrevisited with the description of a new species (Araneae, Salticidae) using digital specimen DOIs and nanopublicationsBiodivers Data J030920241210.3897/BDJ.12.e129438 8F06576C-F835-5EA0-BC67-BE0E95FBD9C6 Chrysilla lauta https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/288943/taxon/5YKJJ Thorell, 1887 World Spider Catalog: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032753 Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887 - Thorell 1887: 378 (spider catalogue of Roewer 1955 erroneously cites p. 387) (m), type locality: Bhamo, Myanmar; Prószyński 1976: 154, fig. 237 (m); Prószyński 1983a: 44, figs 4-6 (m); Żabka 1985: 210, figs 81-82 (m) Vietnam (synonymy with Cosmophasislongiventris); Koh 1989: 103 (m, photo) Singapore; Song and Chai 1991: 14, fig. 2 (m) Hainan; Song et al. 1999: 507, fig. 290N-O (m) Hainan, Myanmar, Vietnam; Prószyński and Deeleman-Reinhold 2010: figs 36-37 (m); Koh and Ming 2013: 180 (m, photo); Prószyński 2018: fig. 5G (m); Yamasaki et al. 2018: 27, figs 2-24 (mf) Taiwan; Kanesharatnam and Benjamin 2019: 46, figs. 19A-E, 20A, B (mf) Sri Lanka; Koh and Bay 2019: 216 (m, photo); Peng 2020: 75 fig. 35a-b (m); Koh et al. 2022: 347 (mf) Singapore. Cosmophasislongiventris Simon, 1903 - Simon 1903a: 732 (m) Sri Lanka (Ceylon), Philippines.Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: MMUE G7572.5441; occurrenceRemarks: labeled “blue and red”; recordedBy: F. & J. A. Murphy; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; otherCatalogNumbers: https://doi.org/10.3535/G0G-G7D-N5J; occurrenceID: 52F7782C-1297-59F2-95B3-032DD4842E7A; Taxon: scientificName: Chrysillalauta; Location: country: Singapore; locality: Kent Ridge; verbatimCoordinates: 1°17’N 103°47’E; decimalLatitude: 1.2833333333333; decimalLongitude: 103.78333333333; Event: eventDate: 1986-07-06; habitat: garden; Record Level: institutionID: https://ror.org/027m9bs27; institutionCode: MMUE; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: MMUE G7572.6430; recordNumber: DSC 6285-6591; recordedBy: F. & J. A. Murphy; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; otherCatalogNumbers: https://doi.org/10.3535/PER-LNE-HEW; occurrenceID: EA93CB0B-5889-5F48-A7F4-8DF6D466C5A9; Taxon: scientificName: Chrysillalauta; Location: country: Singapore; locality: Pulau Ubin; verbatimCoordinates: 1°25’N 103°57’E; decimalLatitude: 1.4166666666667; decimalLongitude: 103.95; Event: eventDate: 1991-01-27; habitat: roadside; Record Level: institutionID: https://ror.org/027m9bs27; institutionCode: MMUE; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: MMUE G7572.6440; recordNumber: DSC 3727-36; recordedBy: F. & J. A. Murphy; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; otherCatalogNumbers: https://doi.org/10.3535/HS2-8W8-F23; occurrenceID: 5C4F929A-3E03-5EE2-8D8A-513EBF473EA3; Taxon: scientificName: Chrysillalauta; Location: country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Selangor; locality: Banting; verbatimElevation: 100 m; verbatimCoordinates: 2°48’04”N 101°30’46”E; decimalLatitude: 2.8011111111111; decimalLongitude: 101.51277777778; Event: eventDate: 1982-12-17; Record Level: institutionID: https://ror.org/027m9bs27; institutionCode: MMUE; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordNumber: CM 19182; recordedBy: F. & J. A. Murphy; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; otherCatalogNumbers: https://doi.org/10.3535/SGZ-EFZ-VRK; occurrenceID: 8DF23168-B93F-546A-AE23-EF2321DE0C54; Taxon: scientificName: Chrysillalauta; Location: country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Pahang; locality: Genting; verbatimCoordinates: 3°24’N 101°46’E; decimalLatitude: 3.4; decimalLongitude: 101.76666666667; Event: eventDate: 1990-12-08; Record Level: institutionID: https://ror.org/027m9bs27; institutionCode: MMUE; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Male. Total length from Singapore 7.1 mm and 4.2 mm, from Banting 4.3 mm. For differences with C.volupe, see under that species. Colouring of carapace, abdomen and palps see chapter “coloration in various chrysilline species”. Carapace with all red areas in live specimens bare and lacking setae and scales, remains of small iridescent particles visible on the anterior transverse bars. Chelicerae slanting, divergent in the large male, parallel in both smaller males (Fig. 3b). Legs I longest, dark with white contrasting band apically on tibia, other legs pale, femur I dorsally with some long thin white setae in alcohol, violet in life, leg IV with some dark rings. Abdomen long, thin and shiny and gradually tapering. In all 3 available males, dorsum black and shiny, central band with round iridescent scales uninterrupted all through, at 2/3 of the length with a bell-shaped area with small round white iridescent scales; sides with a pair of narrow strips bearing small round green reflecting scales; venter pale brown, a median pale band bordered by a pair of dark bands. Coxae dorsally with white flattened setae. Palps (Fig. 1), tibia and cymbium pale, strongly contrasting with dark femur and patella (blue in life). Proximal part of tegulum with ventral bulge (Fig. 1a: tb) and a tegular bump (Fig. 1a: tbu) as in C.volupe. Embolar tegular branch (Fig. 1a: etb) narrow and elongate, flexible, proximally articulating at basal, hidden part of tegulum (cf. Fig. 1c: beb), partly running alongside tegulum and projecting distally beyond retrolateral part of tegulum containing the sperm duct loop over distance p (Fig. 1a: p); embolus filiform, slightly flexed at base, length same as p.

Measurements (Singapore: Kent Ridge). Body length 7.10. Carapace 2.70 long, 1.80 wide, 1.15 high. Abdomen 4.30 long, 1.20 wide. Leg I 7.70 (2.50 [0.70 wide] – 1.10 – 1.90 – 1.50 – 0.70), leg II 5.20 (1.60 [0.45 wide] – 0.80 – 1.20 – 1.00 – 0.60) leg III 5.00 (1.50 – 0.70 – 1.00 – 1.30 – 0.50) leg IV 6.60 (1.80– 0.70 – 1.60 – 1.70 – 0.80). Palp 0.9 – 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.7 width cymbium 0.3.

Female (Genting). Colour photos of live females (Yamasaki et al. 2018: fig. 16, Koh et al. 2022: 347) show parts of carapace covered with white setae and abdomen with pattern of red, white, black and iridescent greenish spots with considerable variation between specimens. In the only female specimen available to us (Fig. 3c), iridescent scales as seen on carapace of males are lacking and green colour is lost. Chelicerae with parallel sides, promargin with one distal tooth, retromargin with two distal teeth. Legs all pale. Abdomen with few iridescent scales suggesting a vague dorsal pattern, lateral patch consisting of reddish procumbent hair, posteriorly a pattern of dark areas covered with simple black setae as in males, these are visible in several reversed V- arranged bars on posterior half of abdomen; venter as in males. Epigyne similar to that in Phintelloidesjesudasi, except spermathecae not touching and halfway twist in copulatory ducts as in P.jesudasi, absent in C.lauta.

Measurements. Body length 5.0. Carapace 1.90 long, 1.30 wide, 0.95 high. Abdomen 3.00 long, 2.00 wide, 0.80 high. Measurements of legs: I 4.05 [1.40 (0.40 wide]– 0.60 – 1,00 - 0.65 – 0.40) leg II 3.00 (1.00 [0.30 wide]– 0.50 – 0.70 – 0.50 -0.30), leg III 3.30 (0.90 – 0.50 – 0.70 – 0.50 – 0.70) leg IV 4.20 (1.20 – 0.50 – 1.00 – 0.90– 0.60).

Distribution

The species has been cited from Myanmar, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, Borneo, Taiwan, China and Sri Lanka (Fig. 6). The type locality Bhamo, Myanmar is situated close to the western border of southern Yunnan in a large mountain massive/complex across the Burmese - Chinese border, about 60 km from the Xishuangbanna tropical Botanical garden. This area has been extensively explored for spiders in the first decade of the 21th century in primary and various kinds of disturbed forest. Unfortunately, no Chrysilla species have been reported from that project.

Ecology

In forests and gardens, usually by beating/sweeping shrub and trees, from lowland up to 600 m.

Notes

The contrasting colouring of the male palps: dark femur and patella, pale tibia and cymbium was already mentioned by Thorell, 1887 in the description of the type specimen from Bhamo in northeastern Myanmar. It is consistently present in the material studied for the present paper.

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, photographs of male and female preserved specimens

212A9042-B3E1-5E9B-8A5E-089F2A4BFE6510.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure3a

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, male habitus, dorsal view, CM 15726, scale bar 2 mm

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2953A209-68BB-5BA2-BDC3-356E2D0A924E10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure3b

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, male prosoma, ventral view, CM 15726

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DC0D6BCB-93BC-5106-AB38-C2CB478B427310.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure3c

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, female habitus, dorsal view, CM19182

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E2B5F4EA-C625-5BA9-B3FE-316F4371297010.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure3d

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, female habitus, ventral view, CM19182

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2953A209-68BB-5BA2-BDC3-356E2D0A924E10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure3b

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, male prosoma, ventral view, CM 15726

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Annotated illustrations and photographs of male pedipalp in Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887

9ACCD6CB-3303-55EC-B83D-5DBD442678ED10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure1a

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, left male pedipalp, ventral view cc cymbium cap ep embolus proper etb embolar tegular branch p distal projection of embolar tegular branch beyond retrolateral lobe of tegulum excluding embolus proper pt proximal lobe of tegulum rt retrolateral lobe of tegulum tbu tegular bump. Scale bar: 0.3 mm

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955EBD6C-2AA3-5B22-A99E-EB8D29A8C6F310.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure1b

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, left male pedipalp, retrolateral view. Scale bar: 0.3 mm

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FF1E1709-5C54-5ED2-9FE3-83B9E3FCE4EC10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure1c

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, ventral view, CM 15726, scale bar 0.2 mm

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8C493DF6-D10E-5DEF-AB89-0D51F74AEABB10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure1d

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, retrolateral view, CM 15726, scale bar 0.2 mm

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9ACCD6CB-3303-55EC-B83D-5DBD442678ED10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure1a

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, left male pedipalp, ventral view cc cymbium cap ep embolus proper etb embolar tegular branch p distal projection of embolar tegular branch beyond retrolateral lobe of tegulum excluding embolus proper pt proximal lobe of tegulum rt retrolateral lobe of tegulum tbu tegular bump. Scale bar: 0.3 mm

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FF1E1709-5C54-5ED2-9FE3-83B9E3FCE4EC10.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure1c

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, ventral view, CM 15726, scale bar 0.2 mm

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DC0D6BCB-93BC-5106-AB38-C2CB478B427310.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure3c

Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887, female habitus, dorsal view, CM19182

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B5B956E3-59DA-5125-854E-967DFD74823210.3897/BDJ.12.e129438.figure6

Map showing occurrence records for selected species. Chrysillalauta Thorell, 1887: blue circle for previously published records, red circle for new records; Phintelloidesscandens sp. nov.: black circles.

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ThorellT.1887Viaggio di L. Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. II. Primo saggio sui ragni birmaniAnnali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova255417RoewerC. F.1955Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940, bzw. 1954. 2. Band, Abt. a (Lycosaeformia, Dionycha [excl. Salticiformia]). 2. Band, Abt. b (Salticiformia, Cribellata) (Synonyma-Verzeichnis, Gesamtindex)Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de BelgiqueBruxelles1751PrószyńskiJ.1976Studium systematyczno-zoogeograflczne nad rodziną Salticidae (Aranei) Regionów Palearktycznego i NearktycznegoWyższa Szkola Pedagogiczna Siedlcach61260PrószyńskiJ.1983Position of genus Phintella (Araneae: Salticidae)Acta Arachnologica312434810.2476/asjaa.31.43ŻabkaM.1985Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Viet-NamAnnales Zoologici, Warszawa39197485KohJ. K.H.1989A Guide to Common Singapore SpidersSingapore Science Center160SongD. X.ChaiJ. Y.1991New species and new records of the family Salticidae from Hainan, China (Arachnida: Araneae)QianY. W.Animal Science ResearchChina Forestry Publishing HouseBeijing13-3SongD. X.ZhuM. S.ChenJ.1999The spiders of ChinaHebei Science and Technology Publishing HouseShijiazhuang640PrószyńskiJ.Deeleman-ReinholdC. L.2010Description of some Salticidae (Araneae) from the Malay Archipelago. I. Salticidae of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with comments on related species Arthropoda Selecta 19315318810.15298/arthsel.19.3.05KohJ. K.H.MingL. T.2013Spiders of Brunei Darussalam. Biodiversity in the heart of BorneoNatural History publications (Borneo)Kota KinabaluPrószyńskiJ.2018Review of the genus Hasarius (Araneae: Salticidae) - a taxonomic fiascoEcologica Montenegrina16163110.37828/em.2018.16.2YamasakiT.YamaguchiM.PhungL. T. H.HuangP. S.TsoI. M.2018Redescription of Chrysillalauta Thorell 1887 (Araneae: Salticidae) based on the comparison with the holotype, and DNA barcodingActa Arachnologica27232910.2476/asjaa.67.23KanesharatnamN.BenjaminS. P.2019Multilocus genetic and morphological phylogenetic analysis reveals a radiation of shiny South Asian jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae)ZooKeys83918110.3897/zookeys.839.283KohJ. K.H.BayN.2019Borneo Spiders, A Photographic Field GuideSabah Forestry DepartmentSandakanPengX. J.2020Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: SalticidaeScience PressBeijing612KohJ. K.H.CourtD. J.AngC. S.P.NgP. Y.C.2022A Photographic Guide to Singapore SpidersNational Parks BoardSingaporeSimonE.1903Etudes arachnologiques. 33e Mémoire. LIII. Arachnides recueillis à Phuc-Son (Annam) par M. H. Fruhstorfer (nov-dec. 1899)Annales de la Société Entomologique de France714725736