Feldhahn et al. 10.1073/pnas.0505196102. |
Supporting Table 1
Supporting Figure 6
Supporting Figure 7
Supporting Figure 6
Fig. 6. Brutons tyrosine kinase (BTK) splice variants in B cell precursor leukemia. BTK isoform expression was analyzed by RT-PCR in 29 cases of B cell precursor leukemia carrying BCR-ABL1, E2A-PBX1, MLL-AF4, TEL-AML1, or TEL-PDGFRB gene rearrangements. Fourteen aberrant BTK isoforms could be identified in addition to full-length BTK. None of these BTK isoforms carry a functional kinase domain resulting from the usage of regular or cryptic splice sites leading to large deletion and/or the generation of preterminal translation-stops. Protein domains (Upper) and mRNA exons (Lower) are depicted. Untranslated regions are indicated by hatched boxes. Sequence data of all splice variants are available from EMBL/GenBank under accession nos. AM051275-AM051286.
Fig. 7. Ligation-mediated (LM)-PCR amplification of DNA double-strand-break intermediates at Jk1 and Jl7 recombination signal sequences. Ig light-chain gene rearrangement involves the introduction of DNA double-strand breaks at recombination signal sequences (RSS) flanking V and J segments. DNA double-strand breaks at RSS can be ligated to double-stranded DNA linker molecules. To detect DNA double-strand breaks preceding V-J recombination at the IGK or IGL loci, linker-ligated DNA can be amplified by using Jk-RSS or Jl-RSS-specific primers together with a linker-specific primer.
Table 1. Sequence analysis of aberrant splice variants of BTK in preB acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Gene rearrangement | Cases* | Exons involved | Splice site | Transcript | Translation | Western blot | Frequency |
Recurrent BTK splice variants | |||||||
MLL-AF4 BCR-ABL1 E2A-PBX1 TEL-AML1 TEL-PDGFRB | SEM, RS411, BEL1, IX, X, XI, XIV, BV173, NALM1, SUP-B15, SD1, KASUMI2, MHH- CALL3, NALM6 | Exons 15 and 16 | Regular | D Exons 15, 16 | In-frame deletion in KD | 65-kD protein | 14/29 |
BCR-ABL1 | IX, X, XI, XIV, BV173, NALM1, SUP-B15, SD1 | Exon 15 | Regular | D Exon 15 | Truncated KD | 52 kD protein | 8/29 |
MLL-AF4 BCR-ABL1 | VII and IX | Exons 14 and 15 | Cryptic | D Exon 15, D41-bp exon 14 | Truncated KD | ND | 2/29 |
Unique BTK splice variants | |||||||
MLL-AF4 | V | Exon 18 | Cryptic | D 33 bp | In-frame deletion in KD | ND | |
SEM | Exons 16 and 17 | Cryptic | D Exons 16, 17, D119-bpexon 15, D136-bp exon 18 | Truncated KD | ND | ||
BCR-ABL1 | X | Exons 16 | Regular | D Exon 16 | Truncated KD | ND | |
XI | Exons 15 to 18 | Cryptic, Slippage | D Exons 15-18, D79-bp exon 14,Ins 3 bp, D24-bp exon 19 | Truncated KD | ND | ||
XV | Exon 14 | Cryptic | D Exon 14, D62-bp exon 13,Ins 8 bp, D77-bp exon 15 | Truncated SH2 and KD | ND | ||
TEL-AML1 | XVIII | Exons 13 to 18 | Cryptic, Slippage | D Exons 14-18, D31-bp exon 12,D 22-bp exon 13, 212-bp in exon19 and 3UTR | Truncated SH2 and KD | ND | |
XVIII | Exons 14 to 16 | Regular | D Exons 14-16 | Truncated KD | 47-kD protein | ||
XIX | Exons 13 to 18 | Cryptic, Slippage | D Exons 13-18, Ins of a 106-bpfragment of Intron18 | Truncated SH2 and KD | ND. | ||
Exons 14 to 17 | Regular | Loss of exons 14-17 | In-frame deletion in KD | 56-kD protein | |||
E2A-PBX1 | KASUMI2 | Exons 15 to 17 | Cryptic, Slippage | D Exons 15-17, D18-bp exon 14,Ins 1-bp, D34-bp exon 18 | Truncated KD | ND | |
MHH-CALL3 | Exons 13 to 17 | Cryptic | D Exons 13-17, D12-bpexon 12, D92-bp exon 18 | Truncated KD | ND |
Sequence data are available from EMBL/GenBank under accession nos. AMO51275-AMO51286. SH2, SRC homology domain 2; KD, kinase domain; Ins, Insertion; ND, not done.
*Roman numerals indicate primary cases of B cell precursor leukemia; cell lines are indicated by their names.
These splice variants were previously described by Goodman et al. [Goodman, P. A., Wood, C. M., Vassilev, A. O., Mao, C. & Uckun, F. M. (2003) Leukemia Lymphoma 44, 1011-1008].
The specific function of this splice variant in BCR-ABL1+ preB lymphoblastic leukemia was investigated by Feldhahn et al. [Feldhahn, N., Klein, F., Mooster, J. L., Hadweh, P., Sprangers, M., Wartenberg, M., Bekhite, M. M., Hofmann, W. K., Herzog, S., Jumaa, H., et al. (2005) J. Exp. Med. 201, 1837-1852].