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Fig. 7. Mitochondrial CREB pathway mediates the preventive effect of DFO against 3-nitropropoinic acid (3-NP)-induced neuronal cytotoxicity. To generate mitochondrially targeted fusion proteins, WT-CREB and a dominant negative form of CREB (A-CREB) were subcloned into pECFP-Mito vector (Clontech). pECFP-Mito-WT-CREB and pECFP-Mito-A-CREB were transfected into SH-SY5Y cells, and Mito-WT-CREB and Mito-A-CREB cells were selected by using neomycin (400 mg/ml). Mito-WT-CREB and Mito-A-CREB cells were treated with 3-NP (1 mM) for 48 h in the presence or absence of DFO (25 mM). Cell viability was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromid (MTT) assay. Data are the mean ± SE of four separate experiments. Significant at: *, P < 0.05 between Mito-WT-CREB cells with 3-NP and Mito-WT-CREB cells with DFO + 3-NP; #, P < 0.01 between Mito-WT-CREB cells and Mito-A-CREB cells in the presence of 3-NP. The percentile of cell viability was normalized to the controls that were not exposed to 3-NP.